महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-142, verse-9

गदां विनिहतां दृष्ट्वा सहदेवस्त्वरान्वितः ।
शक्तिं चिक्षेप कर्णाय तामप्यस्याच्छिनच्छरैः ॥९॥

9. gadāṁ vinihatāṁ dṛṣṭvā sahadevastvarānvitaḥ ,
śaktiṁ cikṣepa karṇāya tāmapyasyācchinaccharaiḥ.

9. gadām vinihatām dṛṣṭvā sahadevaḥ tvarā-anvitaḥ
śaktim cikṣepa karṇāya tām api asya acchinat śaraiḥ

9. gadām vinihatām dṛṣṭvā,
sahadevaḥ tvarā-anvitaḥ karṇāya śaktim cikṣepa; karṇaḥ tām api asya śaraiḥ acchinat

9. Having seen the mace struck down, Sahadeva, with haste, threw a spear (śakti) at Karna; but Karna also cut that (spear) off with his arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• गदाम् (gadām) - the mace (mace, club)

• विनिहताम् (vinihatām) - struck down (struck down, defeated, destroyed, rendered useless)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, perceiving)

• सहदेवः (sahadevaḥ) - Sahadeva (Sahadeva (proper name))

• त्वरा-अन्वितः (tvarā-anvitaḥ) - with haste (endowed with haste, hurried, quick, agitated)

• शक्तिम् (śaktim) - a spear (śakti) (power, ability, a spear, javelin (śakti))

• चिक्षेप (cikṣepa) - he threw (he threw, he hurled, he cast)

• कर्णाय (karṇāya) - at Karna (to Karna, for Karna)

• ताम् (tām) - that (spear) (that, her, it)

• अपि (api) - also, even (also, even, too)

• अस्य (asya) - his (Karna's) (his, of him, of this)

• अच्छिनत् (acchinat) - he cut off (he cut, he severed, he broke)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows (with arrows, by means of arrows)

Words meanings and morphology

गदाम् (gadām) - the mace (mace, club)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

Note: Object of the participle 'dṛṣṭvā'.

विनिहताम् (vinihatām) - struck down (struck down, defeated, destroyed, rendered useless)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vi-ni-hata

vi-ni-hata - struck down, defeated, destroyed, rendered useless

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'han' (to strike, kill) with preverbs 'vi' and 'ni'. Feminine accusative singular.

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: han (class 2)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, perceiving)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root 'dṛś'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सहदेवः (sahadevaḥ) - Sahadeva (Sahadeva (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahadeva

sahadeva - Sahadeva (name of one of the Pandavas)

Note: Subject of 'cikṣepa'.

त्वरा-अन्वितः (tvarā-anvitaḥ) - with haste (endowed with haste, hurried, quick, agitated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvarā-anvita

tvarā-anvita - endowed with haste, hurried, quick, accompanied by speed

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tvarā+anvita)

• tvarā – haste, speed, quickness
  noun (feminine)
• anvita – accompanied by, connected with, endowed with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root 'i' (to go) with preverb 'anu'.
  Prefix: anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'sahadevaḥ'.

शक्तिम् (śaktim) - a spear (śakti) (power, ability, a spear, javelin (śakti))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śakti

śakti - power, strength, ability, energy, spear, javelin

Note: Direct object of 'cikṣepa'.

चिक्षेप (cikṣepa) - he threw (he threw, he hurled, he cast)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of kṣip

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd person singular active of root 'kṣip' (to throw). Reduplicated perfect.

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Subject is 'sahadevaḥ'.

कर्णाय (karṇāya) - at Karna (to Karna, for Karna)

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (son of Surya and Kunti); ear

Note: Recipient of the action of throwing.

ताम् (tām) - that (spear) (that, her, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it, she, he

Note: Refers to 'śaktim'.

अपि (api) - also, even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - his (Karna's) (his, of him, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Possessive, referring to Karna (the implied subject of 'acchinat').

अच्छिनत् (acchinat) - he cut off (he cut, he severed, he broke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of chid

Imperfect Active

Imperfect 3rd person singular active of root 'chid' (class 7P/7A).

Root: chid (class 7)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows (with arrows, by means of arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Note: Instrument by which Karna cut the spear.