महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-142, verse-8

तामापतन्तीं सहसा सहदेवप्रवेरिताम् ।
व्यष्टम्भयच्छरैः कर्णो भूमौ चैनामपातयत् ॥८॥

8. tāmāpatantīṁ sahasā sahadevapraveritām ,
vyaṣṭambhayaccharaiḥ karṇo bhūmau caināmapātayat.

8. tām āpatantīm sahasā sahadeva-praveritām
vyaṣṭambhayat śaraiḥ karṇaḥ bhūmau ca enām apātayat

8. karṇaḥ tām sahasā sahadeva-praveritām āpatantīm
śaraiḥ vyaṣṭambhayat ca enām bhūmau apātayat

8. Karna, with his arrows, stopped that mace which was suddenly descending, hurled by Sahadeva, and then made it fall to the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - that (mace) (that, her, it)

• आपतन्तीम् (āpatantīm) - falling, descending (falling, descending, approaching)

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, forcefully (suddenly, forcefully, violently, quickly)

• सहदेव-प्रवेरिताम् (sahadeva-praveritām) - hurled by Sahadeva (hurled by Sahadeva, thrown by Sahadeva)

• व्यष्टम्भयत् (vyaṣṭambhayat) - he stopped (he stopped, he obstructed, he checked)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows (with arrows, by means of arrows)

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna (Karna (proper name))

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• एनाम् (enām) - it (the mace) (it, her, this (feminine accusative singular))

• अपातयत् (apātayat) - he caused to fall (he caused to fall, he made fall, he threw down)

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - that (mace) (that, her, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it, she, he

Note: Refers to the 'mahāgadā' from the previous verse.

आपतन्तीम् (āpatantīm) - falling, descending (falling, descending, approaching)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ā-patat

ā-patat - falling, descending, approaching

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root 'pat' (to fall) with preverb 'ā'. Feminine accusative singular.

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'tām' (the mace).

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, forcefully (suddenly, forcefully, violently, quickly)

(indeclinable)

सहदेव-प्रवेरिताम् (sahadeva-praveritām) - hurled by Sahadeva (hurled by Sahadeva, thrown by Sahadeva)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sahadeva-praveritā

sahadeva-praveritā - hurled by Sahadeva

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sahadeva+praveritā)

• sahadeva – Sahadeva (name of one of the Pandavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• praveritā – hurled, thrown forth
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root 'īr' (to move, to send) with preverb 'pra'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: īr (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'tām' (the mace).

व्यष्टम्भयत् (vyaṣṭambhayat) - he stopped (he stopped, he obstructed, he checked)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vi-stambh

Imperfect Active

Imperfect 3rd person singular active of the causative stem of root 'stambh' (to stop) with preverb 'vi'. The causative stem is 'stambh-aya'.

Prefix: vi

Root: stambh (class 5)

Note: Subject is 'karṇaḥ'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows (with arrows, by means of arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Note: Instrument by which Karna stopped the mace.

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna (Karna (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (son of Surya and Kunti, raised by Adhiratha and Radha); ear

Note: Subject of 'vyaṣṭambhayat' and 'apātayat'.

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land, soil

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two actions: stopping and causing to fall.

एनाम् (enām) - it (the mace) (it, her, this (feminine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, it

Note: Refers to 'tām' (the mace).

अपातयत् (apātayat) - he caused to fall (he caused to fall, he made fall, he threw down)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Imperfect Active

Imperfect 3rd person singular active of the causative stem of root 'pat' (to fall). The causative stem is 'pāt-aya'.

Root: pat (class 1)