महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-142, verse-38

अतितीव्रमभूद्युद्धं नरराक्षसयोर्मृधे ।
द्रष्टॄणां प्रीतिजननं सर्वेषां भरतर्षभ ॥३८॥

38. atitīvramabhūdyuddhaṁ nararākṣasayormṛdhe ,
draṣṭṝṇāṁ prītijananaṁ sarveṣāṁ bharatarṣabha.

38. atitīvram abhūt yuddham nara-rākṣasayoḥ mṛdhe
draṣṭṝṇām prītijananam sarveṣām bharatarṣabha

38. bharatarṣabha mṛdhe nara-rākṣasayoḥ yuddham atitīvram abhūt,
(tat ca) sarveṣām draṣṭṝṇām prītijananam (āsīt)

38. O best of Bharatas, a very fierce battle took place in that combat between the man and the demon, and it generated joy for all the spectators.

Words meanings summery:

• अतितीव्रम् (atitīvram) - describing the intensity of the battle (very fierce, exceedingly violent)

• अभूत् (abhūt) - it was, it happened, it became

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight

• नर-राक्षसयोः (nara-rākṣasayoḥ) - referring to Arjuna and the demon he was fighting (of the man and the demon)

• मृधे (mṛdhe) - in battle, in combat

• द्रष्टॄणाम् (draṣṭṝṇām) - of the spectators, for the observers

• प्रीतिजननम् (prītijananam) - describing the effect of the battle on spectators (generating joy, causing delight)

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all the spectators (of all)

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - a respectful address to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O best of Bharatas!)

Words meanings and morphology

अतितीव्रम् (atitīvram) - describing the intensity of the battle (very fierce, exceedingly violent)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of atitīvra

atitīvra - exceedingly intense/fierce

Compound with prefix `ati-` meaning 'excessive, very'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (ati+tīvra)

• ati – exceedingly, very, beyond
  indeclinable
• tīvra – fierce, intense, sharp
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Agrees with `yuddham`.

अभूत् (abhūt) - it was, it happened, it became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist Active Indicative

Aorist form from root `bhū`.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the first clause.

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `yudh` 'to fight' with suffix `kta`.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of `abhūt`.

नर-राक्षसयोः (nara-rākṣasayoḥ) - referring to Arjuna and the demon he was fighting (of the man and the demon)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of nara-rākṣasa

nara-rākṣasa - man and demon

Compound type : dvandva (nara+rākṣasa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• rākṣasa – demon, ogre
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates the participants of the battle.

मृधे (mṛdhe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of mṛdh

mṛdh - battle, fight, combat

Note: Indicates the location/context of the battle.

द्रष्टॄणाम् (draṣṭṝṇām) - of the spectators, for the observers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of draṣṭṛ

draṣṭṛ - seer, observer, spectator

Agent Noun

Derived from root `dṛś` 'to see' with suffix `tṛc`.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Indicates for whom the battle was 'joy-generating'.

प्रीतिजननम् (prītijananam) - describing the effect of the battle on spectators (generating joy, causing delight)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prītijanana

prītijanana - generating joy/pleasure

Compound: `prīti` (joy) + `janana` (generating).

Compound type : tatpurusha (prīti+janana)

• prīti – joy, delight, love
  noun (feminine)
  Root: prī (class 9)
• janana – generating, producing, causing
  adjective (neuter)
  Verbal noun/adjective
  From root `jan` 'to be born, to produce' with suffix `ana`.
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with `yuddham`.

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all the spectators (of all)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with `draṣṭṝṇām`.

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - a respectful address to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O best of Bharatas!)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull/best among Bharatas, O best of Bharatas

Compound type : tatpurusha (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, an Indian
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: A respectful address to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra.