महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-142, verse-41

अथैनं निशितैर्बाणैश्चतुर्भिर्भरतर्षभ ।
पार्थोऽर्दयद्राक्षसेन्द्रं स विद्धः प्राद्रवद्भयात् ॥४१॥

41. athainaṁ niśitairbāṇaiścaturbhirbharatarṣabha ,
pārtho'rdayadrākṣasendraṁ sa viddhaḥ prādravadbhayāt.

41. atha enam niśitaiḥ bāṇaiḥ caturbhiḥ bharatarṣabha pārthaḥ
ardayat rākṣasa indram sa viddhaḥ prādravat bhayāt

41. atha bharatarṣabha pārthaḥ niśitaiḥ caturbhiḥ bāṇaiḥ
enam rākṣasa indram ardayat sa viddhaḥ bhayāt prādravat

41. O best of Bhāratas (bharatarṣabha), Pārtha then tormented that chief of Rākṣasas with four sharp arrows. Wounded, he fled out of fear.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• एनम् (enam) - him (the opponent, the chief of Rākṣasas) (him, this (masculine accusative singular))

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - by sharp, by keen

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

• चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - by four

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O (King, addressed by the narrator) (O best of Bhāratas)

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Pārtha (Arjuna)

• अर्दयत् (ardayat) - he tormented, he hurt, he harassed

• राक्षस (rākṣasa) - demon, Rākṣasa

• इन्द्रम् (indram) - chief (of Rākṣasas) (chief, lord, Indra)

• स (sa) - he (the chief of Rākṣasas) (he, that)

• विद्धः (viddhaḥ) - wounded, pierced, struck

• प्राद्रवत् (prādravat) - he fled, he ran away

• भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - him (the opponent, the chief of Rākṣasas) (him, this (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, he

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - by sharp, by keen

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharp, whetted, keen

Past Passive Participle

From ni-śo (ni-√śo)

Prefix: ni

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Agrees with bāṇaiḥ

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - by four

(adjective)

Instrumental, plural of catur

catur - four

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O (King, addressed by the narrator) (O best of Bhāratas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull among Bhāratas, best of Bhāratas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – a descendant of Bharata, a ruler, a Bhārata
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compound word

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Pārtha (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), name for Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, and Arjuna

Patronymic from Pṛthā

Note: Refers to Arjuna in this context

अर्दयत् (ardayat) - he tormented, he hurt, he harassed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of ard

Imperfect 3rd singular active, causative stem (ardayati)

Root: ard (class 1)

राक्षस (rākṣasa) - demon, Rākṣasa

(noun)

masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - a Rākṣasa, demon

Note: First part of a tatpurusha compound

इन्द्रम् (indram) - chief (of Rākṣasas) (chief, lord, Indra)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra (name of a deity), chief, lord, best

Note: Second part of a tatpurusha compound `rākṣasendra`

स (sa) - he (the chief of Rākṣasas) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विद्धः (viddhaḥ) - wounded, pierced, struck

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viddha

viddha - wounded, pierced, struck, hit

Past Passive Participle

From root vyadh 'to pierce, to hit'

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Adjectival participle acting as predicate

प्राद्रवत् (prādravat) - he fled, he ran away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dru

Imperfect 3rd singular active, with augment 'a' and prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: dru (class 1)

भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread