महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-142, verse-12

तस्मिंस्तु वितथे चक्रे कृते तेन महात्मना ।
वार्यमाणश्च विशिखैः सहदेवो रणं जहौ ॥१२॥

12. tasmiṁstu vitathe cakre kṛte tena mahātmanā ,
vāryamāṇaśca viśikhaiḥ sahadevo raṇaṁ jahau.

12. tasmin tu vitathe cakre kṛte tena mahātmanā
vāryamāṇaḥ ca viśikhaiḥ sahadevaḥ raṇam jahau

12. tu tasmin mahātmanā tena kṛte vitathe cakre,
sahadevaḥ ca viśikhaiḥ vāryamāṇaḥ raṇam jahau

12. But when that futile strategy was employed by the great-souled one (Karṇa), Sahadeva, being warded off by arrows, abandoned the battle.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (effort/strategy) (in that, on that)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• वितथे (vitathe) - futile (strategy) (futile, vain, useless, false)

• चक्रे (cakre) - in the strategy (Sahadeva's attempt) (in the wheel, in the disc, in the group, in the stratagem)

• कृते (kṛte) - having been done (by Karṇa) (done, made, performed)

• तेन (tena) - by him (Karṇa) (by that, by him)

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled one (Karṇa) (by the great-souled one, by the noble one)

• वार्यमाणः (vāryamāṇaḥ) - being prevented, being warded off, being obstructed

• च (ca) - and, also

• विशिखैः (viśikhaiḥ) - by arrows, by pointed arrows

• सहदेवः (sahadevaḥ) - Sahadeva

• रणम् (raṇam) - battle, war

• जहौ (jahau) - abandoned, gave up, left

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (effort/strategy) (in that, on that)

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

वितथे (vitathe) - futile (strategy) (futile, vain, useless, false)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of vitatha

vitatha - futile, vain, useless, false

चक्रे (cakre) - in the strategy (Sahadeva's attempt) (in the wheel, in the disc, in the group, in the stratagem)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of cakra

cakra - wheel, discus, army formation, stratagem

कृते (kṛte) - having been done (by Karṇa) (done, made, performed)

(participle)

Locative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तेन (tena) - by him (Karṇa) (by that, by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled one (Karṇa) (by the great-souled one, by the noble one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnificent (ātman)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)

वार्यमाणः (vāryamāṇaḥ) - being prevented, being warded off, being obstructed

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāryamāṇa

vāryamāṇa - being prevented, being warded off

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛ (to ward off, restrain) in the passive voice

Root: vṛ (class 5)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विशिखैः (viśikhaiḥ) - by arrows, by pointed arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of viśikha

viśikha - arrow, pointed arrow

सहदेवः (sahadevaḥ) - Sahadeva

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahadeva

sahadeva - Sahadeva (name of the youngest Pāṇḍava)

रणम् (raṇam) - battle, war

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

जहौ (jahau) - abandoned, gave up, left

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of hā

Perfect

Root hā (to abandon), 3rd person singular perfect tense

Root: hā (class 3)