महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-132, verse-20

अमर्षयन्तो निहतं शतचन्द्रं महारथम् ।
शकुनेर्भ्रातरो वीरा गजाक्षः शरभो विभुः ।
अभिद्रुत्य शरैस्तीक्ष्णैर्भीमसेनमताडयन् ॥२०॥

20. amarṣayanto nihataṁ śatacandraṁ mahāratham ,
śakunerbhrātaro vīrā gajākṣaḥ śarabho vibhuḥ ,
abhidrutya śaraistīkṣṇairbhīmasenamatāḍayan.

20. amarṣayantaḥ nihatam śatacandram
mahāratham śakuneḥ bhrātaraḥ vīrāḥ
gajākṣaḥ śarabhaḥ vibhuḥ abhidrutya
śaraiḥ tīkṣṇaiḥ bhīmasenam atāḍayan

20. śakuneḥ bhrātaraḥ vīrāḥ gajākṣaḥ
śarabhaḥ vibhuḥ nihatam mahāratham
śatacandram amarṣayantaḥ śaraiḥ
tīkṣṇaiḥ abhidrutya bhīmasenam atāḍayan

20. Enraged by the death of the great chariot-warrior Śatācandra, Shakuni's valiant brothers – Gajākṣa, Śarabha, and Vibhu – rushed towards Bhimasena and struck him with sharp arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• अमर्षयन्तः (amarṣayantaḥ) - not tolerating, unable to endure, enraged

• निहतम् (nihatam) - slain, killed, struck down

• शतचन्द्रम् (śatacandram) - Śatācandra, one of Shakuni's brothers (Śatācandra (name))

• महारथम् (mahāratham) - great chariot-warrior

• शकुनेः (śakuneḥ) - of Shakuni

• भ्रातरः (bhrātaraḥ) - brothers

• वीराः (vīrāḥ) - valiant ones, heroes

• गजाक्षः (gajākṣaḥ) - Gajākṣa, one of Shakuni's brothers (Gajākṣa (name))

• शरभः (śarabhaḥ) - Śarabha, one of Shakuni's brothers (Śarabha (name))

• विभुः (vibhuḥ) - Vibhu, one of Shakuni's brothers (Vibhu (name), omnipresent, mighty)

• अभिद्रुत्य (abhidrutya) - having rushed towards, having attacked

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• तीक्ष्णैः (tīkṣṇaiḥ) - sharp, keen

• भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhimasena (Bhima)

• अताडयन् (atāḍayan) - they struck, they beat

Words meanings and morphology

अमर्षयन्तः (amarṣayantaḥ) - not tolerating, unable to endure, enraged

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mṛṣ

mṛṣ - to bear, endure, tolerate

present active participle (causative stem) with negative prefix 'a-'

From root 'mṛṣ' (4th class), causative stem 'marṣaya', then present participle 'marṣayat', negated with 'a-'.

Prefix: a

Root: mṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'bhrātaraḥ vīrāḥ'.

निहतम् (nihatam) - slain, killed, struck down

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of han

han - to strike, kill, destroy

past passive participle

Past passive participle of root 'han' (to strike/kill) with prefix 'ni-'.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'śatacandram mahāratham'.

शतचन्द्रम् (śatacandram) - Śatācandra, one of Shakuni's brothers (Śatācandra (name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śatacandra

śatacandra - having a hundred moons, name of a warrior (Shakuni's brother)

Compound of 'śata' (hundred) and 'candra' (moon)

Compound type : tatpurusha (śata+candra)

• śata – hundred
  numeral (neuter)
• candra – moon
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'amarṣayantaḥ' implied by context.

महारथम् (mahāratham) - great chariot-warrior

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great chariot, a warrior who can fight with 10,000 archers

Compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'ratha' (chariot/warrior)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'śatacandram'.

शकुनेः (śakuneḥ) - of Shakuni

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śakuni

śakuni - a bird, name of a Gandhara prince and Duryodhana's maternal uncle

Note: Qualifies 'bhrātaraḥ'.

भ्रातरः (bhrātaraḥ) - brothers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Subject of 'atāḍayan'.

वीराः (vīrāḥ) - valiant ones, heroes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, mighty man, warrior

From root vī (to swell, be strong)

Root: vī

Note: Qualifies 'bhrātaraḥ'.

गजाक्षः (gajākṣaḥ) - Gajākṣa, one of Shakuni's brothers (Gajākṣa (name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gajākṣa

gajākṣa - elephant-eyed, name of a warrior (Shakuni's brother)

Compound of 'gaja' (elephant) and 'akṣa' (eye)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (gaja+akṣa)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• akṣa – eye
  noun (neuter)

Note: One of the brothers.

शरभः (śarabhaḥ) - Śarabha, one of Shakuni's brothers (Śarabha (name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śarabha

śarabha - a mythical eight-legged animal, a kind of deer, name of a warrior (Shakuni's brother)

Note: One of the brothers.

विभुः (vibhuḥ) - Vibhu, one of Shakuni's brothers (Vibhu (name), omnipresent, mighty)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vibhu

vibhu - all-pervading, omnipresent, mighty, powerful, lord, name of a warrior (Shakuni's brother)

Prefix: vi

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: One of the brothers.

अभिद्रुत्य (abhidrutya) - having rushed towards, having attacked

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive (gerund) of root 'dru' (to run) with prefix 'abhi-'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

From root 'śṛ' (to injure)

Root: śṛ (class 1)

Note: Means of striking.

तीक्ष्णैः (tīkṣṇaiḥ) - sharp, keen

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tīkṣṇa

tīkṣṇa - sharp, keen, pungent, hot

Note: Qualifies 'śaraiḥ'.

भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhimasena (Bhima)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - having a formidable army, name of the second Pandava

Compound of 'bhīma' (terrible) and 'senā' (army)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhīma+senā)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable
  adjective
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• senā – army
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of 'atāḍayan'.

अताडयन् (atāḍayan) - they struck, they beat

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of tāḍ

Causative of 'taḍ' (to strike)

Root: taḍ (class 1)

Note: Preceded by 'a' (augment) for past tense.

Previous Verse Next Verse