महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-132, verse-12

भीमोऽथ सात्वतस्यार्थे बाह्लीकं नवभिः शरैः ।
पीडयन्वै महात्मानं विव्याध रणमूर्धनि ॥१२॥

12. bhīmo'tha sātvatasyārthe bāhlīkaṁ navabhiḥ śaraiḥ ,
pīḍayanvai mahātmānaṁ vivyādha raṇamūrdhani.

12. bhīmaḥ atha sātvatasya arthe bāhlīkam navabhiḥ
śaraiḥ pīḍayan vai mahātmānam vivyādha raṇamūrdhani

12. atha bhīmaḥ sātvatasya arthe navabhiḥ śaraiḥ
mahātmānam pīḍayan vai raṇamūrdhani bāhlīkam vivyādha

12. Then Bhima, on behalf of Satyaki, struck the noble Bahlika in the forefront of battle with nine arrows, truly afflicting the great-souled warrior.

Words meanings summery:

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhima

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• सात्वतस्य (sātvatasya) - of Satyaki, of the Satvata (a Yadu clan)

• अर्थे (arthe) - on behalf of Satyaki (for the sake of, for the purpose of, on behalf of)

• बाह्लीकम् (bāhlīkam) - The warrior Bahlika (Bahlika)

• नवभिः (navabhiḥ) - with nine

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• पीडयन् (pīḍayan) - afflicting, harassing, tormenting

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

• महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - the noble Bahlika (the great-souled one, the noble one)

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced him with arrows (pierced, struck, hit)

• रणमूर्धनि (raṇamūrdhani) - in the thick of the fight (in the forefront of battle, at the head of the battle)

Words meanings and morphology

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhima

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhima, terrible, dreadful (name of a Pandava hero)

Note: Subject of 'vivyādha'.

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates sequence of events.

सात्वतस्य (sātvatasya) - of Satyaki, of the Satvata (a Yadu clan)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sātvata

sātvata - a descendant of Satvata, a member of the Yadu clan, Satyaki (proper name)

Note: Connected with 'arthe'.

अर्थे (arthe) - on behalf of Satyaki (for the sake of, for the purpose of, on behalf of)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, wealth, object

बाह्लीकम् (bāhlīkam) - The warrior Bahlika (Bahlika)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bāhlīka

bāhlīka - Bahlika (name of a king, son of Pratipa)

Note: Object of 'vivyādha' and 'pīḍayan'.

नवभिः (navabhiḥ) - with nine

(numeral)

Note: Qualifies 'śaraiḥ'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Note: Instrument of 'vivyādha'.

पीडयन् (pīḍayan) - afflicting, harassing, tormenting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pīḍayat

pīḍayat - afflicting, tormenting, pressing

Present Active Participle

From root √pīḍ 'to press, afflict'.

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'bhīmaḥ'.

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - the noble Bahlika (the great-souled one, the noble one)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, a great person

Compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'ātman' (self, soul).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Bahlika.

विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced him with arrows (pierced, struck, hit)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vivyādha

Perfect

3rd person singular perfect active.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

रणमूर्धनि (raṇamūrdhani) - in the thick of the fight (in the forefront of battle, at the head of the battle)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇamūrdhan

raṇamūrdhan - forefront of battle, head of battle

Compound of 'raṇa' (battle) and 'mūrdhan' (head, top).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raṇa+mūrdhan)

• raṇa – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)
  Root: raṇ (class 1)
• mūrdhan – head, top, summit, forefront
  noun (masculine)

Note: Location of piercing.