महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-7, chapter-130, verse-9
हतांश्चैव विषक्तांश्च पराभूतांश्च शंससि ।
रथिनो विरथांश्चैव कृतान्युद्धेषु मामकान् ॥९॥
रथिनो विरथांश्चैव कृतान्युद्धेषु मामकान् ॥९॥
9. hatāṁścaiva viṣaktāṁśca parābhūtāṁśca śaṁsasi ,
rathino virathāṁścaiva kṛtānyuddheṣu māmakān.
rathino virathāṁścaiva kṛtānyuddheṣu māmakān.
9.
hatān ca eva viṣaktān ca parābhūtān ca śaṃsasi
rathinaḥ virathān ca eva kṛtān yuddheṣu māmakān
rathinaḥ virathān ca eva kṛtān yuddheṣu māmakān
9.
yuddheṣu hatān viṣaktān parābhūtān ca rathinaḥ
virathān ca eva kṛtān māmakān (yodhān) eva śaṃsasi
virathān ca eva kṛtān māmakān (yodhān) eva śaṃsasi
9.
You speak of my own warriors (māmakān) who were slain, trapped, and defeated, and those charioteers who were rendered without chariots in the battles.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- हतान् (hatān) - slain, killed
- च (ca) - and, also
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly
- विषक्तान् (viṣaktān) - trapped, entangled, stuck, deeply involved
- च (ca) - and, also
- पराभूतान् (parābhūtān) - defeated, overpowered
- च (ca) - and, also
- शंससि (śaṁsasi) - you announce, you declare, you speak of
- रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers, warriors in chariots
- विरथान् (virathān) - without chariots, dismounted
- च (ca) - and, also
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly
- कृतान् (kṛtān) - made, rendered, caused
- युद्धेषु (yuddheṣu) - in battles, in wars
- मामकान् (māmakān) - my own warriors (māmakān) (my own, belonging to me, my people/warriors)
Words meanings and morphology
हतान् (hatān) - slain, killed
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of hata
hata - slain, killed, struck
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root √han (class 2) 'to strike, kill'.
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Modifies 'māmakān'.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic particle.
विषक्तान् (viṣaktān) - trapped, entangled, stuck, deeply involved
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of viṣakta
viṣakta - attached, stuck, entangled, trapped, deeply involved
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root √sañj (class 6) 'to cling, attach' with upasarga 'vi'.
Prefix: vi
Root: sañj (class 6)
Note: Modifies 'māmakān'.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
पराभूतान् (parābhūtān) - defeated, overpowered
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of parābhūta
parābhūta - defeated, overcome, overpowered, humiliated
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root √bhū (class 1) 'to be' with upasarga 'parā'.
Prefix: parā
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Modifies 'māmakān'.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
शंससि (śaṁsasi) - you announce, you declare, you speak of
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śaṃs
Present Indicative
root 'śaṃs' (class 1) in Parasmaipada, 2nd person singular
Root: śaṃs (class 1)
रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers, warriors in chariots
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of rathin
rathin - a charioteer, one who has a chariot, a warrior in a chariot
derived from ratha ('chariot') with -in suffix
Note: Modifies 'māmakān'.
विरथान् (virathān) - without chariots, dismounted
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of viratha
viratha - chariotless, dismounted, deprived of a chariot
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+ratha)
- vi – prefix indicating separation, absence, without
indeclinable - ratha – chariot
noun (masculine)
Note: Modifies 'māmakān' (specifically the rathinaḥ).
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic particle.
कृतान् (kṛtān) - made, rendered, caused
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of kṛta
kṛta - done, made, performed, rendered
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root √kṛ (class 8) 'to do, make'.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Modifies 'māmakān' (specifically rathinaḥ).
युद्धेषु (yuddheṣu) - in battles, in wars
(noun)
Locative, neuter, plural of yuddha
yuddha - battle, fight, war
Past Passive Participle (used as noun)
Derived from root √yudh (class 4) 'to fight'.
Root: yudh (class 4)
Note: Denotes place/circumstance.
मामकान् (māmakān) - my own warriors (māmakān) (my own, belonging to me, my people/warriors)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of māmaka
māmaka - my, mine, belonging to me; my people/warriors
Derived from mama ('my') with -ka suffix.
Note: Object of 'śaṃsasi'.