महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-130, verse-8

सर्वेषु सैन्येषु च संगतेषु रात्रौ समेतेषु महारथेषु ।
संलोड्यमानेषु पृथग्विधेषु के वस्तदानीं मतिमन्त आसन् ॥८॥

8. sarveṣu sainyeṣu ca saṁgateṣu; rātrau sameteṣu mahāratheṣu ,
saṁloḍyamāneṣu pṛthagvidheṣu; ke vastadānīṁ matimanta āsan.

8. sarveṣu sainyeṣu ca saṃgateṣu rātrau sameteṣu mahāratheṣu
saṃloḍyamāneṣu pṛthagvidheṣu ke vaḥ tadānīm matimantaḥ āsan

8. rātrau sarveṣu sainyeṣu ca
saṃgateṣu pṛthagvidheṣu mahāratheṣu
sameteṣu saṃloḍyamāneṣu (satsu)
tadānīm vaḥ ke matimantaḥ āsan

8. When all the diverse armies and great charioteers were gathered and agitated at night, who among you at that time possessed wisdom?

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - in all, among all

• सैन्येषु (sainyeṣu) - in the armies, among the armies

• च (ca) - and, also

• संगतेषु (saṁgateṣu) - assembled, gathered

• रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night, in the night

• समेतेषु (sameteṣu) - gathered, met

• महारथेषु (mahāratheṣu) - great charioteers

• संलोड्यमानेषु (saṁloḍyamāneṣu) - being agitated, being stirred, being disturbed

• पृथग्विधेषु (pṛthagvidheṣu) - of various kinds, diverse

• के (ke) - who (plural)

• वः (vaḥ) - among you (to you, for you, among you, your)

• तदानीम् (tadānīm) - then, at that time

• मतिमन्तः (matimantaḥ) - intelligent, wise, possessing understanding

• आसन् (āsan) - they were

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - in all, among all

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with sainyeṣu and mahāratheṣu.

सैन्येषु (sainyeṣu) - in the armies, among the armies

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of sainya

sainya - army, host; relating to an army

derived from senā (army)

Note: Locative absolute construction.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

संगतेषु (saṁgateṣu) - assembled, gathered

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of saṃgata

saṁgata - assembled, met, gathered, come together

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √gam (class 1) 'to go' with upasarga 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with sainyeṣu. Locative absolute construction.

रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night, in the night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

Note: Denotes time.

समेतेषु (sameteṣu) - gathered, met

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of sameta

sameta - gathered, assembled, come together

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √i (class 2) 'to go' with upasarga 'sam-a'.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with mahāratheṣu. Locative absolute construction.

महारथेषु (mahāratheṣu) - great charioteers

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior fighting from a chariot, a great hero

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahant+ratha)

• mahant – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• ratha – chariot; charioteer, warrior
  noun (masculine)

Note: Locative absolute construction.

संलोड्यमानेषु (saṁloḍyamāneṣu) - being agitated, being stirred, being disturbed

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of saṃloḍyamāna

saṁloḍyamāna - being agitated, stirred, disturbed

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root √luḍ (class 10) 'to stir, agitate' with upasarga 'sam' and suffix 'śānac' (passive sense).

Prefix: sam

Root: luḍ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with sainyeṣu and mahāratheṣu. Locative absolute construction.

पृथग्विधेषु (pṛthagvidheṣu) - of various kinds, diverse

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of pṛthagvidha

pṛthagvidha - of various kinds, diverse, manifold

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pṛthak+vidha)

• pṛthak – separately, variously, differently
  indeclinable
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with sainyeṣu and mahāratheṣu.

के (ke) - who (plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

वः (vaḥ) - among you (to you, for you, among you, your)

(pronoun)

plural of yūṣmad

yūṣmad - you (plural)

Note: Here used in the genitive sense 'among you'.

तदानीम् (tadānīm) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

मतिमन्तः (matimantaḥ) - intelligent, wise, possessing understanding

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of matimat

matimat - intelligent, wise, understanding, endowed with thought

Derived from 'mati' (thought, intellect) with 'matup' suffix.

Note: Predicative adjective for 'ke'.

आसन् (āsan) - they were

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect Indicative

root 'as' (class 2) in Parasmaipada, 3rd person plural

Root: as (class 2)