महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-130, verse-7

प्रविश्य स महेष्वासः पाञ्चालानरिमर्दनः ।
कथं नु पुरुषव्याघ्रः पञ्चत्वमुपजग्मिवान् ॥७॥

7. praviśya sa maheṣvāsaḥ pāñcālānarimardanaḥ ,
kathaṁ nu puruṣavyāghraḥ pañcatvamupajagmivān.

7. praviśya saḥ maheṣvāsaḥ pāñcālān arimardanaḥ
katham nu puruṣavyāghraḥ pañcatvam upajagmivān

7. saḥ maheṣvāsaḥ arimardanaḥ puruṣavyāghraḥ
pāñcālān praviśya katham nu pañcatvam upajagmivān

7. How, indeed, did that great archer, that destroyer of enemies, that tiger among men, having entered among the Pañcālas, meet his death (pañcatvam)?

Words meanings summery:

• प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered, after entering

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - great archer

• पाञ्चालान् (pāñcālān) - the Pañcālas (people of the Pañcāla country)

• अरिमर्दनः (arimardanaḥ) - destroyer of enemies

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

• नु (nu) - indeed, then, now

• पुरुषव्याघ्रः (puruṣavyāghraḥ) - tiger among men, best of men

• पञ्चत्वम् (pañcatvam) - death, dissolution into five elements (pañcatvam) (death, state of five elements)

• उपजग्मिवान् (upajagmivān) - has attained, reached, gone towards

Words meanings and morphology

प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered, after entering

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √viś (class 6) with upasarga 'pra' and suffix 'lyaP'.

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the subject of the main action.

महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - great archer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - having a great bow; a great archer

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahant+iṣvāsa)

• mahant – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• iṣvāsa – bow, archer
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to 'saḥ'.

पाञ्चालान् (pāñcālān) - the Pañcālas (people of the Pañcāla country)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - a resident of Pañcāla country; the Pañcālas (plural)

Derived from Pañcāla (country name)

Note: Object of 'praviśya' (entering into/among).

अरिमर्दनः (arimardanaḥ) - destroyer of enemies

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arimardana

arimardana - chastiser of foes, destroyer of enemies

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ari+mardana)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• mardana – crushing, destroying, subduing
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun/action noun
  Derived from root √mṛd 'to crush'
  Root: mṛd (class 9)

Note: Appositive to 'saḥ'.

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb.

नु (nu) - indeed, then, now

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle expressing inquiry or emphasis.

पुरुषव्याघ्रः (puruṣavyāghraḥ) - tiger among men, best of men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - tiger among men, preeminent man, best of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, human being; spirit, person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to 'saḥ'.

पञ्चत्वम् (pañcatvam) - death, dissolution into five elements (pañcatvam) (death, state of five elements)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pañcatva

pañcatva - the state of five; dissolution into five elements (death)

derived from pañca ('five') + -tva (abstract suffix)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pañca+tva)

• pañca – five
  numeral
• tva – suffix forming abstract nouns, state, quality
  suffix (neuter)

Note: Object of 'upajagmivān'.

उपजग्मिवान् (upajagmivān) - has attained, reached, gone towards

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upagantṛ

upagantṛ - one who approaches, attains

Perfect Active Participle

Derived from root √gam (class 1) 'to go' with upasarga 'upa' and the perfect active participle suffix 'kvasu'.

Prefix: upa

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ'.