महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-130, verse-29

दुर्मदस्य ततो भीमः प्रहसन्निव संयुगे ।
सारथिं च हयांश्चैव शरैर्निन्ये यमक्षयम् ।
दुर्मदस्तु ततो यानं दुष्कर्णस्यावपुप्लुवे ॥२९॥

29. durmadasya tato bhīmaḥ prahasanniva saṁyuge ,
sārathiṁ ca hayāṁścaiva śarairninye yamakṣayam ,
durmadastu tato yānaṁ duṣkarṇasyāvapupluve.

29. durmadasya tatas bhīmaḥ prahasan iva
saṃyuge sārathim ca hayān ca eva
śaraiḥ ninye yamakṣayam durmadaḥ tu
tatas yānam duṣkarṇasya avapupluve

29. tatas bhīmaḥ prahasan iva saṃyuge durmadasya sārathim ca hayān ca eva śaraiḥ yamakṣayam ninye tatas durmadaḥ tu duṣkarṇasya yānam avapupluve.

29. Then, smiling as it were, Bhima, in battle, sent Durmada's charioteer and horses to the abode of Yama (death) with arrows. But then Durmada leaped onto Duṣkarṇa's chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्मदस्य (durmadasya) - of Durmada

• ततस् (tatas) - then, from that, therefore

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhima

• प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing, smiling

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as it were

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in conflict

• सारथिम् (sārathim) - charioteer

• च (ca) - and, also

• हयान् (hayān) - horses

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, very

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows, by arrows

• निन्ये (ninye) - he sent (to the abode of Yama) (he led, he took, he brought)

• यमक्षयम् (yamakṣayam) - to the abode of Yama, to death

• दुर्मदः (durmadaḥ) - Durmada

• तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

• ततस् (tatas) - then, from that, therefore

• यानम् (yānam) - vehicle, chariot

• दुष्कर्णस्य (duṣkarṇasya) - of Duṣkarṇa

• अवपुप्लुवे (avapupluve) - he leaped onto (the chariot) (he leaped, he sprang, he jumped)

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्मदस्य (durmadasya) - of Durmada

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of durmada

durmada - Durmada (name of a warrior), bad intoxication/pride

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+mada)

• dur – bad, difficult
  indeclinable
• mada – intoxication, pride
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mad (class 4)

ततस् (tatas) - then, from that, therefore

(indeclinable)

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhima

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - terrible, formidable, Bhima

प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing, smiling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahasat

prahasat - laughing, smiling

Present Active Participle

masculine singular nominative, from pra-has

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Agrees with bhīmaḥ.

इव (iva) - like, as if, as it were

(indeclinable)

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, combat, conflict

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

सारथिम् (sārathim) - charioteer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer

Note: Object of ninye.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects sārathim and hayān.

हयान् (hayān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

Note: Object of ninye.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here for emphasis or rhythmic effect.

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, very

(indeclinable)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows, by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Note: Indicates the means of action.

निन्ये (ninye) - he sent (to the abode of Yama) (he led, he took, he brought)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of nī

Perfect

third person singular, Atmanepada, with reduplication

Root: nī (class 1)

यमक्षयम् (yamakṣayam) - to the abode of Yama, to death

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yamakṣaya

yamakṣaya - abode of Yama, destruction by Yama, death

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yama+kṣaya)

• yama – Yama (god of death)
  proper noun (masculine)
• kṣaya – abode, destruction, end
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Denotes destination.

दुर्मदः (durmadaḥ) - Durmada

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durmada

durmada - Durmada (name of a warrior), bad intoxication/pride

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+mada)

• dur – bad, difficult
  indeclinable
• mada – intoxication, pride
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mad (class 4)

तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a contrasting action.

ततस् (tatas) - then, from that, therefore

(indeclinable)

यानम् (yānam) - vehicle, chariot

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yāna

yāna - vehicle, chariot, going

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Object of avapupluve.

दुष्कर्णस्य (duṣkarṇasya) - of Duṣkarṇa

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of duṣkarṇa

duṣkarṇa - Duṣkarṇa (name of a warrior), bad ear

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+karṇa)

• dus – bad, difficult
  indeclinable
• karṇa – ear, Karna (proper name)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive of yānam.

अवपुप्लुवे (avapupluve) - he leaped onto (the chariot) (he leaped, he sprang, he jumped)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of plu

Perfect

third person singular, Atmanepada, with reduplication and upasarga ava

Prefix: ava

Root: plu (class 1)