महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-130, verse-15

तमापतन्तं संप्रेक्ष्य पाण्डवानां महारथम् ।
विव्याध दशभिर्द्रोणः सर्वपारशवैः शरैः ॥१५॥

15. tamāpatantaṁ saṁprekṣya pāṇḍavānāṁ mahāratham ,
vivyādha daśabhirdroṇaḥ sarvapāraśavaiḥ śaraiḥ.

15. tam āpatantam samprekṣya pāṇḍavānām mahāratham
vivyādha daśabhiḥ droṇaḥ sarvapāraśavaiḥ śaraiḥ

15. droṇaḥ tam pāṇḍavānām mahāratham āpatantam
samprekṣya daśabhiḥ sarvapāraśavaiḥ śaraiḥ vivyādha

15. Observing that great warrior of the Pāṇḍavas approaching, Droṇa struck him with ten iron arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Shibi) (him, that)

• आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - approaching, falling upon

• सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - having seen, observing

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the sons of Pandu, of the Pandavas

• महारथम् (mahāratham) - great warrior, great chariot fighter

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, struck

• दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - with ten

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona (proper noun)

• सर्वपारशवैः (sarvapāraśavaiḥ) - with all iron, with all steel-made

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Shibi) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him

आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - approaching, falling upon

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āpatat

āpatat - approaching, falling upon

Present Active Participle

Derived from root pat (class 1) with upasarga ā, present active participle in -at, accusative singular masculine.

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - having seen, observing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root īkṣ (class 1) with upasargas sam and pra, absolutive suffix -ya.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the sons of Pandu, of the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pandu, Pandava

महारथम् (mahāratham) - great warrior, great chariot fighter

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior, great chariot fighter

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vivyādha

Perfect active 3rd singular from root vyadh (class 4).

Root: vyadh (class 4)

दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - with ten

(numeral)

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona

सर्वपारशवैः (sarvapāraśavaiḥ) - with all iron, with all steel-made

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarvapāraśava

sarvapāraśava - made of all iron/steel

Compound adjective, instrumental plural.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+pāraśava)

• sarva – all, every
  pronoun
• pāraśava – made of iron/steel
  adjective (masculine)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow