महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-93, verse-9

अहं पार्थान्हनिष्यामि सहितान्सर्वसोमकैः ।
पश्यतो युधि भीष्मस्य शपे सत्येन ते नृप ॥९॥

9. ahaṁ pārthānhaniṣyāmi sahitānsarvasomakaiḥ ,
paśyato yudhi bhīṣmasya śape satyena te nṛpa.

9. aham pārthān haniṣyāmi sahitān sarvasomakaiḥ
paśyataḥ yudhi bhīṣmasya śape satyena te nṛpa

9. nṛpa aham te satyena śape yudhi bhīṣmasya
paśyataḥ sahitān sarvasomakaiḥ pārthān haniṣyāmi

9. O king, I swear to you by the truth that I shall kill the Pāṇḍavas along with all the Somakas, even while Bhishma watches in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• अहम् (aham) - Karṇa (I)

• पार्थान् (pārthān) - the Pāṇḍavas, sons of Pṛthā

• हनिष्यामि (haniṣyāmi) - I shall kill, I shall strike

• सहितान् (sahitān) - accompanied, together with

• सर्वसोमकैः (sarvasomakaiḥ) - by all the Somakas, with all the Somakas

• पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - while Bhishma sees (of him seeing, while seeing)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in the fight

• भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhishma

• शपे (śape) - I swear, I vow

• सत्येन (satyena) - by truth

• ते (te) - to you (Duryodhana) (to you, your)

• नृप (nṛpa) - addressed to Duryodhana (O king)

Words meanings and morphology

अहम् (aham) - Karṇa (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of 'haniṣyāmi' and 'śape'.

पार्थान् (pārthān) - the Pāṇḍavas, sons of Pṛthā

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), the Pāṇḍavas

Patronymic from Pṛthā.

Note: Direct object of 'haniṣyāmi'.

हनिष्यामि (haniṣyāmi) - I shall kill, I shall strike

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of han

Future Tense (Parasmaipada)

Future tense, 1st person singular, Active voice.

Root: han (class 2)

सहितान् (sahitān) - accompanied, together with

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied by, united with, connected

Compound formed from 'sa' (with, together) and 'hita' (placed, done, past passive participle of dhā).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+hita)

• sa – with, together
  indeclinable
• hita – placed, done, beneficial, accompanied
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dhā (to place, put).
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'pārthān'.

सर्वसोमकैः (sarvasomakaiḥ) - by all the Somakas, with all the Somakas

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarvasomaka

sarvasomaka - all the Somakas (a tribe allied with the Pandavas)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+somaka)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective
• somaka – a Somaka (a tribe or group of people in the Mahabharata)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Used with 'sahitān' to mean 'accompanied by'.

पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - while Bhishma sees (of him seeing, while seeing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, beholding, watching

Present Active Participle

Present participle of root dṛś (to see), conjugated with 'paśya' stem.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'bhīṣmasya'.

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in the fight

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

Derived from root yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh

Note: Specifies the location of Bhishma's witnessing.

भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhishma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper noun), terrible, formidable

Note: Possessive, related to 'paśyataḥ'.

शपे (śape) - I swear, I vow

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śap

Present Tense (Ātmanepada)

Present tense, 1st person singular, Middle voice.

Root: śap (class 1)

सत्येन (satyena) - by truth

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, true, real

Derived from 'sat' (being, existing).

Root: as

Note: Indicates the means by which the oath is sworn.

ते (te) - to you (Duryodhana) (to you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular/plural)

Dative/Genitive singular of 'yuṣmad'. Here, dative 'to you' is more suitable for 'I swear to you'.

Note: Indirect object of 'śape'.

नृप (nṛpa) - addressed to Duryodhana (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler (literally 'protector of men')

Compound: nṛ (man) + pa (protector, from root pā 'to protect').

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, men
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)