महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-93, verse-31

स तैः परिवृतो राजा प्रदीपैः काञ्चनैः शुभैः ।
शुशुभे चन्द्रमा युक्तो दीप्तैरिव महाग्रहैः ॥३१॥

31. sa taiḥ parivṛto rājā pradīpaiḥ kāñcanaiḥ śubhaiḥ ,
śuśubhe candramā yukto dīptairiva mahāgrahaiḥ.

31. saḥ taiḥ parivṛtaḥ rājā pradīpaiḥ kāñcanaiḥ śubhaiḥ
śuśubhe candramāḥ yuktaḥ dīptaiḥ iva mahāgrahaiḥ

31. saḥ rājā taiḥ śubhaiḥ kāñcanaiḥ pradīpaiḥ parivṛtaḥ
dīptaiḥ mahāgrahaiḥ yuktaḥ candramāḥ iva śuśubhe

31. That king, surrounded by those beautiful golden lamps, shone like the moon accompanied by blazing great planets.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that king (he, that (masculine singular nominative))

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those lamps (by those, with those)

• परिवृतः (parivṛtaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• प्रदीपैः (pradīpaiḥ) - by lamps, with lamps

• काञ्चनैः (kāñcanaiḥ) - by golden ones, with golden

• शुभैः (śubhaiḥ) - by beautiful ones, with auspicious, with bright

• शुशुभे (śuśubhe) - he shone, he appeared beautiful

• चन्द्रमाः (candramāḥ) - the moon

• युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - accompanied (joined, associated, connected)

• दीप्तैः (dīptaiḥ) - by blazing ones, by shining ones

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• महाग्रहैः (mahāgrahaiḥ) - by great planets

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that king (he, that (masculine singular nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: refers to rājā

तैः (taiḥ) - by those lamps (by those, with those)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this

Note: refers to pradīpaiḥ

परिवृतः (parivṛtaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parivṛta

parivṛta - surrounded, encompassed, covered

past passive participle

from pari + √vṛ (to surround)

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: agreement with rājā

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Note: subject of śuśubhe

प्रदीपैः (pradīpaiḥ) - by lamps, with lamps

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pradīpa

pradīpa - lamp, light, illuminator

derived from pra + √dīp (to shine)

Prefix: pra

Root: dīp (class 4)

काञ्चनैः (kāñcanaiḥ) - by golden ones, with golden

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kāñcana

kāñcana - golden, made of gold; gold

derived from kañcana (gold)

Note: agreement with pradīpaiḥ

शुभैः (śubhaiḥ) - by beautiful ones, with auspicious, with bright

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śubha

śubha - beautiful, auspicious, bright, pleasing

Note: agreement with pradīpaiḥ

शुशुभे (śuśubhe) - he shone, he appeared beautiful

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of śubh

perfect 3rd singular

reduplicated root, middle voice

Root: śubh (class 1)

चन्द्रमाः (candramāḥ) - the moon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of candramas

candramas - the moon, Soma

Note: simile with rājā

युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - accompanied (joined, associated, connected)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, united, connected, endowed with, engaged in, appropriate

past passive participle

from √yuj (to join, connect)

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: agreement with candramāḥ

दीप्तैः (dīptaiḥ) - by blazing ones, by shining ones

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dīpta

dīpta - blazing, shining, bright, splendid

past passive participle

from √dīp (to shine)

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: agreement with mahāgrahaiḥ

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

Note: indicates simile

महाग्रहैः (mahāgrahaiḥ) - by great planets

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāgraha

mahāgraha - great planet, major astrological planet

Compound type : karmaśukla (mahā+graha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• graha – planet, seizing, gripping
  noun (masculine)
  from √grah (to seize)
  Root: grah (class 9)