महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-93, verse-34

अभिवाद्य ततो भीष्मं निषण्णः परमासने ।
काञ्चने सर्वतोभद्रे स्पर्ध्यास्तरणसंवृते ।
उवाच प्राञ्जलिर्भीष्मं बाष्पकण्ठोऽश्रुलोचनः ॥३४॥

34. abhivādya tato bhīṣmaṁ niṣaṇṇaḥ paramāsane ,
kāñcane sarvatobhadre spardhyāstaraṇasaṁvṛte ,
uvāca prāñjalirbhīṣmaṁ bāṣpakaṇṭho'śrulocanaḥ.

34. abhivādya tataḥ bhīṣmam niṣaṇṇaḥ
paramāsane kāñcane sarvatobhadre
spardhyāstaraṇasaṃvṛte uvāca prāñjaliḥ
bhīṣmam bāṣpakaṇṭhaḥ aśrulocanaḥ

34. tataḥ prāñjaliḥ bāṣpakaṇṭhaḥ aśrulocanaḥ
(saḥ) kāñcane sarvatobhadre
spardhyāstaraṇasaṃvṛte paramāsane
niṣaṇṇam bhīṣmam abhivādya bhīṣmam uvāca

34. Then, having greeted Bhishma, who was seated on an excellent, golden throne, which was auspicious on all sides and covered with a splendid cushion, he spoke to Bhishma with folded hands, a choked voice, and tearful eyes.

Words meanings summery:

• अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having greeted, having saluted

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma

• निषण्णः (niṣaṇṇaḥ) - seated (on the throne) (seated, sitting)

• परमासने (paramāsane) - on a most excellent throne (on an excellent seat)

• काञ्चने (kāñcane) - on a golden (throne) (golden)

• सर्वतोभद्रे (sarvatobhadre) - on one auspicious on all sides (throne) (auspicious on all sides, completely secure)

• स्पर्ध्यास्तरणसंवृते (spardhyāstaraṇasaṁvṛte) - on one covered with a splendid cushion (throne) (on one covered with an enviable/splendid cushion)

• उवाच (uvāca) - Duryodhana spoke (he spoke, he said)

• प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - Duryodhana with folded hands (with folded hands, respectful)

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - to Bhishma

• बाष्पकण्ठः (bāṣpakaṇṭhaḥ) - Duryodhana with a voice choked with tears (with a choked voice)

• अश्रुलोचनः (aśrulocanaḥ) - Duryodhana with tearful eyes (with tearful eyes)

Words meanings and morphology

अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having greeted, having saluted

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from prefix 'abhi' + root 'vad' + suffix 'lyap'

Prefix: abhi

Root: vad (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

From pronominal base 'tad' with suffix 'tas'

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a proper name, lit. 'terrible')

निषण्णः (niṣaṇṇaḥ) - seated (on the throne) (seated, sitting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niṣaṇṇa

niṣaṇṇa - seated, sat down

Past Passive Participle

Formed from 'ni' + root 'sad' (to sit)

Prefix: ni

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Bhishma.

परमासने (paramāsane) - on a most excellent throne (on an excellent seat)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of paramāsana

paramāsana - an excellent seat or throne

Karmadhāraya compound of 'parama' (supreme) + 'āsana' (seat)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+āsana)

• parama – supreme, excellent, highest
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of 'para'
• āsana – seat, sitting, posture, throne
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'ās' (to sit) + suffix 'ana'
  Root: ās (class 2)

काञ्चने (kāñcane) - on a golden (throne) (golden)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of kāñcana

kāñcana - golden, made of gold

Derived from 'kañcana' (gold)

Note: Qualifies 'paramāsane'.

सर्वतोभद्रे (sarvatobhadre) - on one auspicious on all sides (throne) (auspicious on all sides, completely secure)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of sarvatobhadra

sarvatobhadra - auspicious on all sides, completely safe/secure

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'sarvatas' (on all sides) + 'bhadra' (auspicious, good)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarvatas+bhadra)

• sarvatas – from all sides, everywhere
  indeclinable
• bhadra – auspicious, good, gentle, secure
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'paramāsane'.

स्पर्ध्यास्तरणसंवृते (spardhyāstaraṇasaṁvṛte) - on one covered with a splendid cushion (throne) (on one covered with an enviable/splendid cushion)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of spardhyāstaraṇasaṃvṛta

spardhyāstaraṇasaṁvṛta - covered with a splendid (enviable) cushion

Tatpuruṣa or Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (spardhya+āstaraṇa+saṃvṛta)

• spardhya – enviable, splendid
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive/Potential Passive Participle
  From root 'spardh' (to vie)
  Root: spardh (class 1)
• āstaraṇa – covering, cushion
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'stṛ' (to spread)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: stṛ (class 5)
• saṃvṛta – covered, enveloped
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'sam' + root 'vṛ' (to cover)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'paramāsane'.

उवाच (uvāca) - Duryodhana spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Third person singular, Perfect tense, Parasmaipada (Lit)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: The implicit subject is Duryodhana.

प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - Duryodhana with folded hands (with folded hands, respectful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāñjali

prāñjali - with folded hands (as a gesture of reverence), respectful

Bahuvrīhi compound of 'pra' + 'añjali' (folded hands)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pra+añjali)

• pra – forth, forward, very, intensely
  indeclinable
  prefix
• añjali – folded hands, salutation
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Duryodhana.

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - to Bhishma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma

Note: Object of 'uvāca'.

बाष्पकण्ठः (bāṣpakaṇṭhaḥ) - Duryodhana with a voice choked with tears (with a choked voice)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bāṣpakaṇṭha

bāṣpakaṇṭha - whose throat is choked with tears

Bahuvrīhi compound of 'bāṣpa' (tears) + 'kaṇṭha' (throat)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bāṣpa+kaṇṭha)

• bāṣpa – tears, vapor
  noun (masculine)
• kaṇṭha – throat, neck, voice
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Duryodhana.

अश्रुलोचनः (aśrulocanaḥ) - Duryodhana with tearful eyes (with tearful eyes)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśrulocana

aśrulocana - having tearful eyes, whose eyes are full of tears

Bahuvrīhi compound of 'aśru' (tears) + 'locana' (eye)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (aśru+locana)

• aśru – tear
  noun (neuter)
• locana – eye
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'loc' (to see)
  Root: loc (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Duryodhana.