महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-77, verse-24

भारद्वाजो ययौ मत्स्यं द्रौणिश्चापि शिखण्डिनम् ।
स्वयं दुर्योधनो राजा पार्षतं समुपाद्रवत् ॥२४॥

24. bhāradvājo yayau matsyaṁ drauṇiścāpi śikhaṇḍinam ,
svayaṁ duryodhano rājā pārṣataṁ samupādravat.

24. bhāradvājaḥ yayau matsyam drauṇiḥ ca api śikhaṇḍinam
svayam duryodhanaḥ rājā pārṣatam samupādravat

24. भारद्वाजः मत्स्यम् ययौ द्रौणिः च अपि शिखण्डिनम्
(ययौ) दुर्योधनः राजा स्वयं पार्षतम् समुपाद्रवत्

24. Bhāradvāja (Drona) advanced against Matsya, and Droni (Ashvatthama) also advanced against Shikhandin. King Duryodhana himself rushed towards Pārṣata (Dhrishtadyumna).

Words meanings summery:

• भारद्वाजः (bhāradvājaḥ) - Drona (son of Bharadvaja) (Bharadvaja (a sage), descendant of Bharadvaja, Drona (son of Bharadvaja))

• ययौ (yayau) - he advanced (he went, he proceeded)

• मत्स्यम् (matsyam) - Matsya (referring to the king Virata or the Matsya warriors) (fish, a Matsya (person/king/people))

• द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Droni (Ashvatthama) (son of Drona, Ashvatthama)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• शिखण्डिनम् (śikhaṇḍinam) - Shikhandin (Shikhandin (proper name))

• स्वयम् (svayam) - himself (oneself, personally, by oneself)

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (Duryodhana (proper name))

• राजा (rājā) - king (king, sovereign)

• पार्षतम् (pārṣatam) - Pārṣata (Dhrishtadyumna) (son of Prishata, Dhrishtadyumna)

• समुपाद्रवत् (samupādravat) - he rushed towards (he rushed towards, he attacked, he advanced upon)

Words meanings and morphology

भारद्वाजः (bhāradvājaḥ) - Drona (son of Bharadvaja) (Bharadvaja (a sage), descendant of Bharadvaja, Drona (son of Bharadvaja))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāradvāja

bhāradvāja - Descendant of Bharadvaja; name of Drona.

Patronymic from bharadvāja.

ययौ (yayau) - he advanced (he went, he proceeded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of yā

perfect

Perfect, 3rd person singular, active voice. Root yā class 2.

Root: yā (class 2)

मत्स्यम् (matsyam) - Matsya (referring to the king Virata or the Matsya warriors) (fish, a Matsya (person/king/people))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of matsya

matsya - fish, the Matsya country or its king/people

Note: Object of yayau.

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Droni (Ashvatthama) (son of Drona, Ashvatthama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - Son of Drona; Ashvatthama.

Patronymic from droṇa.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

शिखण्डिनम् (śikhaṇḍinam) - Shikhandin (Shikhandin (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śikhaṇḍin

śikhaṇḍin - Shikhandin (proper name, 'crested' or 'peacock-feathered')

Note: Object of implied yayau.

स्वयम् (svayam) - himself (oneself, personally, by oneself)

(indeclinable)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (Duryodhana (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (difficult to fight/conquer)

Compound: dur (difficult) + yodhana (fighter).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dur+yodhana)

• dur – difficult, bad, hard
  indeclinable
• yodhana – fighter, warrior, fighting
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root yudh + suffix -ana
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of samupādravat.

राजा (rājā) - king (king, sovereign)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

पार्षतम् (pārṣatam) - Pārṣata (Dhrishtadyumna) (son of Prishata, Dhrishtadyumna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārṣata

pārṣata - Descendant of Prishata; name of Dhrishtadyumna.

Patronymic from pṛṣata.

Note: Object of samupādravat.

समुपाद्रवत् (samupādravat) - he rushed towards (he rushed towards, he attacked, he advanced upon)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of samupādru

imperfect

Imperfect, 3rd person singular, active voice. From prefixes sam- + upa- + ā- + root dru (to run).

Prefixes: sam+upa+ā

Root: dru (class 1)