महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-187, verse-40

सा कन्या तपसा तेन भागार्धेन व्यजायत ।
नदी च राजन्वत्सेषु कन्या चैवाभवत्तदा ॥४०॥

40. sā kanyā tapasā tena bhāgārdhena vyajāyata ,
nadī ca rājanvatseṣu kanyā caivābhavattadā.

40. sā kanyā tapasā tena bhāgārdhena vyajāyata nadī
ca rājan vatseṣu kanyā ca eva abhavat tadā

40. rājan,
sā kanyā tena tapasā bhāgārdhena vyajāyata.
tadā (sā) nadī ca vatseṣu kanyā ca eva abhavat.

40. O King, that maiden was born through that ascetic practice (tapas), receiving half a share [of its merit]. Then, she became both a river among the Vatsas and a maiden.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - she, that

• कन्या (kanyā) - maiden, girl, daughter

• तपसा (tapasā) - by penance, through ascetic practice (tapas)

• तेन (tena) - by that

• भागार्धेन (bhāgārdhena) - by half a share, by half the portion

• व्यजायत (vyajāyata) - was born, came into being

• नदी (nadī) - river

• च (ca) - and, also

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• वत्सेषु (vatseṣu) - in the region or among the people of Vatsa (among the Vatsas, in the Vatsa country)

• कन्या (kanyā) - maiden, girl

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - just, indeed, only

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - she, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कन्या (kanyā) - maiden, girl, daughter

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kanyā

kanyā - maiden, girl, daughter, virgin

तपसा (tapasā) - by penance, through ascetic practice (tapas)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, ascetic practice, penance (tapas), self-restraint

तेन (tena) - by that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भागार्धेन (bhāgārdhena) - by half a share, by half the portion

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of bhāgārdha

bhāgārdha - half share, half portion

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhāga+ardha)

• bhāga – share, portion, part, division
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)
• ardha – half, a part, side
  noun (neuter)

व्यजायत (vyajāyata) - was born, came into being

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of √jan

Prefix: vi

Root: jan (class 4)

नदी (nadī) - river

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: conjunction

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

वत्सेषु (vatseṣu) - in the region or among the people of Vatsa (among the Vatsas, in the Vatsa country)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of vatsa

vatsa - calf; the name of a country or people

कन्या (kanyā) - maiden, girl

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kanyā

kanyā - maiden, girl, daughter, virgin

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: conjunction

एव (eva) - just, indeed, only

(indeclinable)

Note: particle

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)