महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-187, verse-21

शीर्णपर्णेन चैकेन पारयामास चापरम् ।
संवत्सरं तीव्रकोपा पादाङ्गुष्ठाग्रधिष्ठिता ॥२१॥

21. śīrṇaparṇena caikena pārayāmāsa cāparam ,
saṁvatsaraṁ tīvrakopā pādāṅguṣṭhāgradhiṣṭhitā.

21. śīrṇaparṇena ca ekena pārayāmāsa ca aparam
saṃvatsaram tīvrakopā pādāṅguṣṭhāgradhiṣṭhitā

21. sā śīrṇaparṇena ca ekena aparam saṃvatsaram pārayāmāsa,
ca tīvrakopā pādāṅguṣṭhāgradhiṣṭhitā

21. And she completed another year, subsisting on only one withered leaf, fiercely resolute, and standing on the tip of her big toe.

Words meanings summery:

• शीर्णपर्णेन (śīrṇaparṇena) - with a withered leaf

• च (ca) - and, also

• एकेन (ekena) - with one, by one

• पारयामास (pārayāmāsa) - she completed, she performed, she carried through

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपरम् (aparam) - another, other, subsequent

• संवत्सरम् (saṁvatsaram) - for a year

• तीव्रकोपा (tīvrakopā) - fiercely resolute (in her austerity) (intensely angry, fierce in resolve)

• पादाङ्गुष्ठाग्रधिष्ठिता (pādāṅguṣṭhāgradhiṣṭhitā) - standing on the tip of her big toe

Words meanings and morphology

शीर्णपर्णेन (śīrṇaparṇena) - with a withered leaf

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śīrṇaparṇa

śīrṇaparṇa - withered leaf, fallen leaf

Compound type : tatpurusha (śīrṇa+parṇa)

• śīrṇa – withered, fallen, decayed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `śṝ` (to tear, decay) + `kta` suffix.
  Root: śṝ (class 9)
• parṇa – leaf, feather
  noun (neuter)
  Root: pṝ (class 9)

Note: Indicates the means of subsistence (eating only one withered leaf).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `śīrṇaparṇena` with `ekena`.

एकेन (ekena) - with one, by one

(numeral)

Note: Refers to one withered leaf.

पारयामास (pārayāmāsa) - she completed, she performed, she carried through

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of pārayāmāsa

Periphrastic Perfect

Periphrastic perfect form of root `pṝ` (to fill, cross, complete) in causative sense, derived from `pāraya` + `āmāsa`.

Root: pṝ (class 10)

Note: Refers to the implied subject (Parvati).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `pārayāmāsa` with the description of her state `tīvrakopā`.

अपरम् (aparam) - another, other, subsequent

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of apara

apara - other, another, subsequent, western

Note: Adjective modifying `saṃvatsaram`.

संवत्सरम् (saṁvatsaram) - for a year

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃvatsara

saṁvatsara - year, twelvemonth

Prefix: sam

Root: vas

Note: Indicates duration.

तीव्रकोपा (tīvrakopā) - fiercely resolute (in her austerity) (intensely angry, fierce in resolve)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tīvrakopa

tīvrakopa - intense anger, fiercely angry/resolved

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tīvra+kopa)

• tīvra – keen, intense, sharp, fierce
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: tij
• kopa – anger, wrath, fury, passion, resolve
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kup (class 4)

Note: Feminine form of `tīvrakopa`.

पादाङ्गुष्ठाग्रधिष्ठिता (pādāṅguṣṭhāgradhiṣṭhitā) - standing on the tip of her big toe

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pādāṅguṣṭhāgradhiṣṭhita

pādāṅguṣṭhāgradhiṣṭhita - stationed on the tip of the big toe

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pāda+aṅguṣṭha+agra+adhiṣṭhita)

• pāda – foot, leg, quarter
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pad (class 4)
• aṅguṣṭha – thumb, big toe
  noun (masculine)
• agra – tip, front, top, summit
  noun (neuter)
  Root: aj
• adhiṣṭhita – stood upon, placed, presided over, stationed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `sthā` with prefix `adhi` and `kta` suffix.
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Feminine form of `pādāṅguṣṭhāgradhiṣṭhita`.