महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-187, verse-19

निराहारा कृशा रूक्षा जटिला मलपङ्किनी ।
षण्मासान्वायुभक्षा च स्थाणुभूता तपोधना ॥१९॥

19. nirāhārā kṛśā rūkṣā jaṭilā malapaṅkinī ,
ṣaṇmāsānvāyubhakṣā ca sthāṇubhūtā tapodhanā.

19. nirāhārā kṛśā rūkṣā jaṭilā malapaṅkinī ṣaṭ
māsān vāyubhakṣā ca sthāṇubhūtā tapodhanā

19. sā nirāhārā kṛśā rūkṣā jaṭilā malapaṅkinī ca
ṣaṭ māsān vāyubhakṣā sthāṇubhūtā tapodhanā

19. She remained without food, emaciated, dry, with matted hair, and covered in dirt. For six months, she subsisted on air, becoming as still as a pillar, her only wealth being her austerity (tapas).

Words meanings summery:

• निराहारा (nirāhārā) - without food, fasting

• कृशा (kṛśā) - emaciated, lean, thin

• रूक्षा (rūkṣā) - rough, dry, harsh

• जटिला (jaṭilā) - with matted hair, wearing matted locks

• मलपङ्किनी (malapaṅkinī) - covered in dirt/mud, soiled

• षट् (ṣaṭ) - six

• मासान् (māsān) - months

• वायुभक्षा (vāyubhakṣā) - subsisting on air, consuming air

• च (ca) - and, also

• स्थाणुभूता (sthāṇubhūtā) - like a pillar, motionless as a trunk

• तपोधना (tapodhanā) - whose wealth is austerity, rich in austerity (tapas)

Words meanings and morphology

निराहारा (nirāhārā) - without food, fasting

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nirāhāra

nirāhāra - without food, abstaining from food

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+āhāra)

• nis – without, out, forth
  indeclinable
• āhāra – food, eating, taking
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Feminine form of `nirāhāra`.

कृशा (kṛśā) - emaciated, lean, thin

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛśa

kṛśa - lean, thin, emaciated, weak

Root: kṛś (class 1)

Note: Feminine form of `kṛśa`.

रूक्षा (rūkṣā) - rough, dry, harsh

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rūkṣa

rūkṣa - rough, dry, harsh, unctuous

Root: rukṣ (class 1)

Note: Feminine form of `rūkṣa`.

जटिला (jaṭilā) - with matted hair, wearing matted locks

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jaṭila

jaṭila - wearing matted hair, having roots (as a tree)

Note: Feminine form of `jaṭila`.

मलपङ्किनी (malapaṅkinī) - covered in dirt/mud, soiled

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of malapaṅkin

malapaṅkin - smeared with dirt/mud

Compound type : tatpurusha (mala+paṅka)

• mala – dirt, impurity, filth
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mṛj
• paṅka – mud, mire, dirt
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pañc

Note: Feminine form of `malapaṅkin`.

षट् (ṣaṭ) - six

(numeral)

Note: Part of the compound `ṣaṇmāsān` with external sandhi.

मासान् (māsān) - months

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of māsa

māsa - month

Root: mās

Note: Indicates duration.

वायुभक्षा (vāyubhakṣā) - subsisting on air, consuming air

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vāyubhakṣa

vāyubhakṣa - one who eats or lives on air

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vāyu+bhakṣa)

• vāyu – wind, air, god of wind
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vā (class 2)
• bhakṣa – food, eating, consuming
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhakṣ (class 1)

Note: Feminine form of `vāyubhakṣa`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `vāyubhakṣā` and `sthāṇubhūtā`.

स्थाणुभूता (sthāṇubhūtā) - like a pillar, motionless as a trunk

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sthāṇubhūta

sthāṇubhūta - become like a post/trunk, motionless like a pillar

Compound type : tatpurusha (sthāṇu+bhūta)

• sthāṇu – pillar, trunk of a tree, immoveable, Shiva
  noun (masculine)
  Root: sthā
• bhūta – become, been, spirit, creature
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `bhū` with `kta` suffix.
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Feminine form of `sthāṇubhūta`.

तपोधना (tapodhanā) - whose wealth is austerity, rich in austerity (tapas)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tapodhana

tapodhana - one whose wealth is austerity

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tapas+dhana)

• tapas – austerity, penance, heat
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Feminine form of `tapodhana`.