महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-15, verse-9

स पपात ततो भूमौ रक्षोबलसमाहतः ।
विघूर्णमानो निश्चेष्टश्छिन्नमूल इव द्रुमः ॥९॥

9. sa papāta tato bhūmau rakṣobalasamāhataḥ ,
vighūrṇamāno niśceṣṭaśchinnamūla iva drumaḥ.

9. sa papāta tataḥ bhūmau rakṣobalasamāhataḥ
vighūrṇamānaḥ niśceṣṭaḥ chinnamūlaḥ iva drumaḥ

9. He then fell to the ground, struck by the strength of the Rākṣasas. Reeling and motionless, he was like a tree whose roots have been severed.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he, that

• पपात (papāta) - fell, has fallen

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• रक्षोबलसमाहतः (rakṣobalasamāhataḥ) - struck by the strength of Rākṣasas

• विघूर्णमानः (vighūrṇamānaḥ) - reeling, staggering, trembling

• निश्चेष्टः (niśceṣṭaḥ) - motionless, inert, inactive

• छिन्नमूलः (chinnamūlaḥ) - root-cut, uprooted

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• द्रुमः (drumaḥ) - tree

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पपात (papāta) - fell, has fallen

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of pat

Perfect active 3rd singular

Root: pat (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there

(indeclinable)

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land, soil

रक्षोबलसमाहतः (rakṣobalasamāhataḥ) - struck by the strength of Rākṣasas

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rakṣobalasamāhata

rakṣobalasamāhata - struck by the strength of Rākṣasas

Instrumental tatpuruṣa compound: 'struck by Rākṣasa-force'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rakṣas+bala+samāhata)

• rakṣas – Rākṣasa (demon), evil spirit
  noun (neuter)
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)
• samāhata – struck, smitten, hit
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from sam-ā-han + kta
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'sa'.

विघूर्णमानः (vighūrṇamānaḥ) - reeling, staggering, trembling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vighūrṇamāna

vighūrṇamāna - reeling, staggering, trembling, rolling

Present Middle Participle

Formed from vi-ghūrṇ + śānac

Prefix: vi

Root: ghūrṇ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sa'.

निश्चेष्टः (niśceṣṭaḥ) - motionless, inert, inactive

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niśceṣṭa

niśceṣṭa - motionless, inactive, inert, paralyzed

Negative compound, na + ceṣṭa

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+ceṣṭa)

• nis – without, out, free from
  indeclinable
  prefix expressing negation or absence
• ceṣṭa – motion, effort, activity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ceṣṭ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sa'.

छिन्नमूलः (chinnamūlaḥ) - root-cut, uprooted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of chinnamūla

chinnamūla - having roots cut, uprooted

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'whose roots are cut'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (chinna+mūla)

• chinna – cut, severed, broken
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from chid + kta
  Root: chid (class 7)
• mūla – root, basis, origin
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'drumaḥ'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

द्रुमः (drumaḥ) - tree

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of druma

druma - tree