महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-15, verse-21

कथं ते सूतपुत्रेण वध्यमानां प्रियां सतीम् ।
मर्षयन्ति यथा क्लीबा बलवन्तोऽमितौजसः ॥२१॥

21. kathaṁ te sūtaputreṇa vadhyamānāṁ priyāṁ satīm ,
marṣayanti yathā klībā balavanto'mitaujasaḥ.

21. kathaṃ te sūtaputreṇa vadhyamānāṃ priyāṃ satīm
marṣayanti yathā klībā balavantaḥ amitaujasaḥ

21. How can they, who are mighty and immensely powerful, tolerate their dear, chaste wife being tormented by the son of a charioteer (Kīcaka), just as if they were impotent?

Words meanings summery:

• कथं (kathaṁ) - how, why, in what way

• ते (te) - referring to the Pāṇḍavas (they, those (men))

• सूतपुत्रेण (sūtaputreṇa) - by Kīcaka (metaphorically referred to as a "sūtaputra" due to his actions) (by the son of a charioteer)

• वध्यमानां (vadhyamānāṁ) - being tormented, being harmed, being assailed

• प्रियां (priyāṁ) - referring to Draupadī, the beloved wife of the Pāṇḍavas (dear one, beloved)

• सतीम् (satīm) - referring to Draupadī (chaste, virtuous woman)

• मर्षयन्ति (marṣayanti) - they tolerate, they endure, they forgive

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

• क्लीबा (klībā) - impotent men, eunuchs

• बलवन्तः (balavantaḥ) - referring to the Pāṇḍavas (powerful ones, strong ones)

• अमितौजसः (amitaujasaḥ) - referring to the Pāṇḍavas (immensely strong, of immeasurable energy/power)

Words meanings and morphology

कथं (kathaṁ) - how, why, in what way

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - referring to the Pāṇḍavas (they, those (men))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍavas

सूतपुत्रेण (sūtaputreṇa) - by Kīcaka (metaphorically referred to as a "sūtaputra" due to his actions) (by the son of a charioteer)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sūtaputra

sūtaputra - son of a charioteer

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūta+putra)

• sūta – charioteer, bard
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

वध्यमानां (vadhyamānāṁ) - being tormented, being harmed, being assailed

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being killed, being tormented, being assailed

Present Passive Participle

From root 'vadh' (to strike, kill) in passive voice, present participle form.

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: modifies 'priyāṃ satīm'

प्रियां (priyāṁ) - referring to Draupadī, the beloved wife of the Pāṇḍavas (dear one, beloved)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of priyā

priyā - dear, beloved, wife

सतीम् (satīm) - referring to Draupadī (chaste, virtuous woman)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of satī

satī - chaste woman, virtuous woman, faithful wife

मर्षयन्ति (marṣayanti) - they tolerate, they endure, they forgive

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of marṣayati

causative

Causative of root mṛṣ (class 1, marṣate - to bear, endure)

Root: mṛṣ (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

(indeclinable)

क्लीबा (klībā) - impotent men, eunuchs

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of klība

klība - impotent, eunuch, timid

बलवन्तः (balavantaḥ) - referring to the Pāṇḍavas (powerful ones, strong ones)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of balavat

balavat - powerful, strong, mighty

Possessive suffix -vat

Note: modifies 'te' (the Pāṇḍavas)

अमितौजसः (amitaujasaḥ) - referring to the Pāṇḍavas (immensely strong, of immeasurable energy/power)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of amitaujas

amitaujas - of immeasurable might/energy/splendor

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (amita+ojas)

• amita – immeasurable, unlimited
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'mā' (to measure) with prefix 'a-' (negation)
  Prefix: a
  Root: mā (class 3)
• ojas – energy, strength, power
  noun (neuter)

Note: modifies 'te' (the Pāṇḍavas)