महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-15, verse-7

तां कीचकः प्रधावन्तीं केशपक्षे परामृशत् ।
अथैनां पश्यतो राज्ञः पातयित्वा पदावधीत् ॥७॥

7. tāṁ kīcakaḥ pradhāvantīṁ keśapakṣe parāmṛśat ,
athaināṁ paśyato rājñaḥ pātayitvā padāvadhīt.

7. ताम् कीचकः प्रधावन्तीम् केशपक्षे परामृशत्
अथ एनाम् पश्यतः राज्ञः पातयित्वा पदा अवधीत्

7. Kīcaka seized her by her hair as she was running. Then, in the presence of the king, he threw her down and kicked her with his foot.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - Refers to Draupadī. (her, that (feminine))

• कीचकः (kīcakaḥ) - Kīcaka (a proper name)

• प्रधावन्तीम् (pradhāvantīm) - running, fleeing

• केशपक्षे (keśapakṣe) - by the mass of hair, by the braid

• परामृशत् (parāmṛśat) - seized, grasped, touched

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• एनाम् (enām) - Refers to Draupadī. (her, this one (feminine))

• पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - While the king (Virāṭa, or Yudhiṣṭhira disguised as Kanka) was seeing. (seeing, observing)

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - Refers to King Virāṭa, or possibly King Yudhiṣṭhira, who was present in disguise. (of the king)

• पातयित्वा (pātayitvā) - having caused to fall, having thrown down

• पदा (padā) - with the foot, by means of the foot

• अवधीत् (avadhīt) - struck, killed, hit

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - Refers to Draupadī. (her, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, she

कीचकः (kīcakaḥ) - Kīcaka (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kīcaka

kīcaka - Kīcaka (name of a warrior, commander-in-chief in the kingdom of Virāṭa)

प्रधावन्तीम् (pradhāvantīm) - running, fleeing

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pradhāvat

pradhāvat - running forward, fleeing

Present Active Participle

Formed from the root √dhāv (to run) with prefix pra- and the śatṛ suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: dhāv (class 1)

केशपक्षे (keśapakṣe) - by the mass of hair, by the braid

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of keśapakṣa

keśapakṣa - mass of hair, side-locks, braid of hair

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (keśa+pakṣa)

• keśa – hair
  noun (masculine)
• pakṣa – side, wing, feather, mass, multitude
  noun (masculine)

Note: Locative is used here to indicate the object of seizure.

परामृशत् (parāmṛśat) - seized, grasped, touched

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of mṛś

imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

From the root √mṛś (class 6) with prefix pari-, and the a-augment for imperfect tense (Laṅ).

Prefix: pari

Root: mṛś (class 6)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

एनाम् (enām) - Refers to Draupadī. (her, this one (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - While the king (Virāṭa, or Yudhiṣṭhira disguised as Kanka) was seeing. (seeing, observing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, looking, observing

Present Active Participle

From the root √dṛś (to see), using the 'paśya' stem, with the śatṛ suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Indicates simultaneous action or circumstance, often translated as 'while seeing' or 'in the sight of'.

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - Refers to King Virāṭa, or possibly King Yudhiṣṭhira, who was present in disguise. (of the king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

पातयित्वा (pātayitvā) - having caused to fall, having thrown down

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund) of causative

Formed from the causative stem of √pat (pātaya) with the -tvā suffix.

Root: pat (class 1)

पदा (padā) - with the foot, by means of the foot

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of pada

pada - foot, step, word, place

अवधीत् (avadhīt) - struck, killed, hit

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past aorist (Luṅ) of han

aorist tense, 3rd person singular

Formed from the root √han (class 2) with the a-augment, s-aorist form (Luṅ).

Root: han (class 2)