महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-294, verse-41

जनमेजय उवाच ।
क्वस्था वीराः पाण्डवास्ते बभूवुः कुतश्चैतच्छ्रुतवन्तः प्रियं ते ।
किं वाकार्षुर्द्वादशेऽब्दे व्यतीते तन्मे सर्वं भगवान्व्याकरोतु ॥४१॥

41. janamejaya uvāca ,
kvasthā vīrāḥ pāṇḍavāste babhūvuḥ; kutaścaitacchrutavantaḥ priyaṁ te ,
kiṁ vākārṣurdvādaśe'bde vyatīte; tanme sarvaṁ bhagavānvyākarotu.

41. janamejayaḥ uvāca kvasthāḥ vīrāḥ pāṇḍavāḥ
te babhūvuḥ kutaḥ ca etat śrutavantaḥ
priyaṃ te kim vā akārṣuḥ dvādaśe abde
vyatīte tat me sarvaṃ bhagavān vyākarotu

41. Janamejaya said: "Where were those heroic Pandavas staying? And from where did they hear this pleasing news? What indeed did they do after the twelfth year had passed? O venerable one, please explain all that to me."

Words meanings summery:

• जनमेजयः (janamejayaḥ) - Janamejaya (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• क्वस्थाः (kvasthāḥ) - where standing, where dwelling

• वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes, brave ones

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pandavas (sons of Pandu)

• ते (te) - referring to the Pandavas (those, they)

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they were, they became

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where, why

• च (ca) - and, also

• एतत् (etat) - this, this news

• श्रुतवन्तः (śrutavantaḥ) - they heard (Past Active Participle)

• प्रियं (priyaṁ) - pleasing, dear, agreeable

• ते (te) - referring to 'this pleasing news' (that (news))

• किम् (kim) - what

• वा (vā) - or

• अकार्षुः (akārṣuḥ) - they did, they made

• द्वादशे (dvādaśe) - in the twelfth

• अब्दे (abde) - in the year

• व्यतीते (vyatīte) - having passed, elapsed

• तत् (tat) - that

• मे (me) - to me, for me

• सर्वं (sarvaṁ) - all, everything

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - Addressing Sage Vaishampayana (O venerable one, O blessed one)

• व्याकरोतु (vyākarotu) - may he explain, let him narrate

Words meanings and morphology

जनमेजयः (janamejayaḥ) - Janamejaya (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janamejaya

janamejaya - Janamejaya (a king, descendant of the Pandavas)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

क्वस्थाः (kvasthāḥ) - where standing, where dwelling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kvastha

kvastha - standing or dwelling where?

Compound type : tatpurusha (kva+sthā)

• kva – where?, in what place?
  indeclinable
• sthā – standing, situated, dwelling (often as a suffix)
  adjective
  agent noun/adjective suffix
  Derived from the root sthā
  Root: sthā (class 1)

वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes, brave ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, mighty

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pandavas (sons of Pandu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, one of the Pandavas

ते (te) - referring to the Pandavas (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they were, they became

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where, why

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this, this news

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

श्रुतवन्तः (śrutavantaḥ) - they heard (Past Active Participle)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śrutavat

śrutavat - having heard

Past Active Participle

Root: śru (class 5)

प्रियं (priyaṁ) - pleasing, dear, agreeable

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing, agreeable

ते (te) - referring to 'this pleasing news' (that (news))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

किम् (kim) - what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

अकार्षुः (akārṣuḥ) - they did, they made

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, aorist (Luṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

द्वादशे (dvādaśe) - in the twelfth

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of dvādaśa

dvādaśa - twelfth

अब्दे (abde) - in the year

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of abda

abda - year

व्यतीते (vyatīte) - having passed, elapsed

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of vyatīta

vyatīta - passed away, elapsed, gone by

Past Passive Participle

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: i (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of mad

mad - I

सर्वं (sarvaṁ) - all, everything

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

भगवान् (bhagavān) - Addressing Sage Vaishampayana (O venerable one, O blessed one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - venerable, blessed, glorious, divine

व्याकरोतु (vyākarotu) - may he explain, let him narrate

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (Loṭ) of kṛ

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: kṛ (class 8)