महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-294, verse-14

विदितो देवदेवेश प्रागेवासि मम प्रभो ।
न तु न्याय्यं मया दातुं तव शक्र वृथा वरम् ॥१४॥

14. vidito devadeveśa prāgevāsi mama prabho ,
na tu nyāyyaṁ mayā dātuṁ tava śakra vṛthā varam.

14. viditaḥ devadeveśa prāk eva asi mama prabho na
tu nyāyyam mayā dātum tava śakra vṛthā varam

14. O Lord of lords, O my Lord, you are indeed known to me from before. But it is not proper for me to give you a boon in vain, O Indra.

Words meanings summery:

• विदितः (viditaḥ) - known, understood, perceived

• देवदेवेश (devadeveśa) - O Lord of lords of gods, O Lord of gods

• प्राक् (prāk) - before, formerly, previously

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• असि (asi) - you are

• मम (mama) - my, to me

• प्रभो (prabho) - O Lord, O master

• न (na) - not, no

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• न्याय्यम् (nyāyyam) - proper, right, just, reasonable

• मया (mayā) - by me

• दातुम् (dātum) - to give

• तव (tava) - your, to you

• शक्र (śakra) - O Śakra (Indra)

• वृथा (vṛthā) - in vain, uselessly, without purpose

• वरम् (varam) - boon, blessing, excellent thing

Words meanings and morphology

विदितः (viditaḥ) - known, understood, perceived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidita

vidita - known, understood, perceived

Past Passive Participle

from root vid + suffix -ta

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject 'you'.

देवदेवेश (devadeveśa) - O Lord of lords of gods, O Lord of gods

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of devadeveśa

devadeveśa - Lord of gods of gods, Lord of lords, supreme deity (epithet)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+deva+īśa)

• deva – god
  noun (masculine)
• deva – god
  noun (masculine)
• īśa – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Referring to Indra.

प्राक् (prāk) - before, formerly, previously

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Tense, Active Voice

2nd person singular, present active, from root as

Root: as (class 2)

मम (mama) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

asmad - I, we (pronoun)

प्रभो (prabho) - O Lord, O master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, powerful, eminent

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Referring to Indra.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

न्याय्यम् (nyāyyam) - proper, right, just, reasonable

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nyāyya

nyāyya - proper, right, just, reasonable, lawful

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

from root i with prefix ni + suffix -ya

Prefix: ni

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Predicative adjective for the act of giving.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of mad

asmad - I, we (pronoun)

Note: Agent of the infinitive 'dātum'.

दातुम् (dātum) - to give

(verb)

infinitive of dā

Infinitive

infinitive from root dā

Root: dā (class 3)

तव (tava) - your, to you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tva

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Indicates the recipient of the boon.

शक्र (śakra) - O Śakra (Indra)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Śakra (epithet of Indra, meaning 'the mighty one')

Note: Referring to Indra.

वृथा (vṛthā) - in vain, uselessly, without purpose

(indeclinable)

वरम् (varam) - boon, blessing, excellent thing

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - boon, blessing, excellent thing, choice

Root: vṛ (class 5)