महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-48, verse-32

प्रीत्यर्थं ब्राह्मणाश्चैव क्षत्रियाश्च विनिर्जिताः ।
उपाजह्रुर्विशश्चैव शूद्राः शुश्रूषवोऽपि च ।
प्रीत्या च बहुमानाच्च अभ्यगच्छन्युधिष्ठिरम् ॥३२॥

32. prītyarthaṁ brāhmaṇāścaiva kṣatriyāśca vinirjitāḥ ,
upājahrurviśaścaiva śūdrāḥ śuśrūṣavo'pi ca ,
prītyā ca bahumānācca abhyagacchanyudhiṣṭhiram.

32. prītyartham brāhmaṇāḥ ca eva kṣatriyāḥ
ca vinirjitāḥ | upājahruḥ viśaḥ ca eva
śūdrāḥ śuśrūṣavaḥ api ca | prītyā ca
bahumānāt ca abhyagacchan yudhiṣṭhiram

32. For the sake of goodwill, Brahmins and Kshatriyas, even those who had been conquered, brought gifts. Vaishyas and even obedient Shudras also came. With affection and great respect, they approached Yudhishthira.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रीत्यर्थम् (prītyartham) - for the sake of goodwill (for the sake of affection, for goodwill, for pleasing)

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - even (indeed, just, even)

• क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - Kshatriyas

• च (ca) - and

• विनिर्जिताः (vinirjitāḥ) - those who had been conquered (conquered, vanquished)

• उपाजह्रुः (upājahruḥ) - they brought gifts (they brought, they offered)

• विशः (viśaḥ) - Vaishyas (Vaishyas, people)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - even (indeed, just, even)

• शूद्राः (śūdrāḥ) - Shudras

• शुश्रूषवः (śuśrūṣavaḥ) - obedient (desirous of hearing, obedient, serving)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even)

• च (ca) - also (and)

• प्रीत्या (prītyā) - with affection (with affection, with love)

• च (ca) - and

• बहुमानात् (bahumānāt) - with great respect (from great respect, due to much honor)

• च (ca) - and

• अभ्यगच्छन् (abhyagacchan) - they approached (they approached, they went towards)

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira

Words meanings and morphology

प्रीत्यर्थम् (prītyartham) - for the sake of goodwill (for the sake of affection, for goodwill, for pleasing)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prīti+artha)

• prīti – affection, love, goodwill
  noun (feminine)
  Root: prī (class 9)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, for the sake of
  noun (masculine)

Note: Acts as an indeclinable meaning 'for the sake of'.

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - even (indeed, just, even)

(indeclinable)

क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - Kshatriyas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - a warrior, a member of the ruling class

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विनिर्जिताः (vinirjitāḥ) - those who had been conquered (conquered, vanquished)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vinirjita

vinirjita - conquered, vanquished, overcome

Past Passive Participle

From verb root ji (to conquer) with vi and nir prefixes.

Prefixes: vi+nir

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Used substantively as 'those who were conquered'.

उपाजह्रुः (upājahruḥ) - they brought gifts (they brought, they offered)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of upājahru

Perfect Tense

3rd person plural Perfect active of root hṛ (to carry, bring) with prefix upa-ā.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

विशः (viśaḥ) - Vaishyas (Vaishyas, people)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viś

viś - the people, a Vaishya, a commoner

Note: Refers to the third social class, the traders/farmers.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - even (indeed, just, even)

(indeclinable)

शूद्राः (śūdrāḥ) - Shudras

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūdra

śūdra - a Shudra, a member of the servant class

शुश्रूषवः (śuśrūṣavaḥ) - obedient (desirous of hearing, obedient, serving)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śuśrūṣu

śuśrūṣu - desirous of hearing, obedient, devoted, serving

Desiderative derivative

From desiderative stem of root śru (to hear), meaning 'desirous of hearing/serving'.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Agrees with śūdrāḥ.

अपि (api) - even (also, even)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'even the Shudras'.

च (ca) - also (and)

(indeclinable)

प्रीत्या (prītyā) - with affection (with affection, with love)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of prīti

prīti - affection, love, pleasure, satisfaction

Root: prī (class 9)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

बहुमानात् (bahumānāt) - with great respect (from great respect, due to much honor)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of bahumāna

bahumāna - great respect, much honor

Compound type : karma_dhāraya (bahu+māna)

• bahu – much, many, great
  adjective (masculine)
• māna – respect, honor, regard
  noun (masculine)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Ablative case here used with 'due to' or 'from' which translates well to 'with'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अभ्यगच्छन् (abhyagacchan) - they approached (they approached, they went towards)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of abhyagacchan

Imperfect Tense

3rd person plural Imperfect active of root gam (to go) with prefixes abhi-ā.

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Root gam (to go) prefixed with abhi (towards) and ā (to, hither).

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (proper name, 'firm in battle')

Compound type : aluk_tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle (locative of yudh)
  noun (feminine)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Object of abhyagacchan.