महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-91, verse-40

दीयतां भुज्यतां चेति दिवारात्रमवारितम् ।
तं महोत्सवसंकाशमतिहृष्टजनाकुलम् ।
कथयन्ति स्म पुरुषा नानादेशनिवासिनः ॥४०॥

40. dīyatāṁ bhujyatāṁ ceti divārātramavāritam ,
taṁ mahotsavasaṁkāśamatihṛṣṭajanākulam ,
kathayanti sma puruṣā nānādeśanivāsinaḥ.

40. dīyatām bhujyatām ca iti divārātram
avāritam tam mahotsavasaṃkāśam
atihṛṣṭajanākulam kathayanti
sma puruṣāḥ nānādeśanivāsinaḥ

40. nānādeśanivāsinaḥ puruṣāḥ divārātram
avāritam tam mahotsavasaṃkāśam
atihṛṣṭajanākulam dīyatām
bhujyatām ca iti kathayanti sma

40. Day and night, without interruption, men from various lands would say, 'Let it be given! Let it be enjoyed!' They described that event as resembling a grand festival, teeming with exceedingly joyful individuals.

Words meanings summery:

• दीयताम् (dīyatām) - let it be given

• भुज्यताम् (bhujyatām) - let it be enjoyed, let it be eaten

• च (ca) - and

• इति (iti) - thus, so, indicates direct speech

• दिवारात्रम् (divārātram) - day and night, constantly

• अवारितम् (avāritam) - unhindered, unrestrained, continuous

• तम् (tam) - that (event/festival) (that, him, it)

• महोत्सवसंकाशम् (mahotsavasaṁkāśam) - resembling a great festival

• अतिहृष्टजनाकुलम् (atihṛṣṭajanākulam) - crowded/filled with exceedingly joyful people

• कथयन्ति (kathayanti) - they tell, they say, they narrate

• स्म (sma) - particle indicating past action with present verb

• पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - men, people, individuals

• नानादेशनिवासिनः (nānādeśanivāsinaḥ) - dwelling in various countries, from diverse lands

Words meanings and morphology

दीयताम् (dīyatām) - let it be given

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, optative (vidhiliṅ) of dā

Optative, Passive Voice, 3rd person singular

Root dā, optative mood, passive voice

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Used in a command/wish context.

भुज्यताम् (bhujyatām) - let it be enjoyed, let it be eaten

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhuj

Optative, Passive Voice, 3rd person singular

Root bhuj, optative mood, passive voice

Root: bhuj (class 7)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - thus, so, indicates direct speech

(indeclinable)

दिवारात्रम् (divārātram) - day and night, constantly

(indeclinable)

Compound of diva (day) and rātra (night)

Compound type : dvandva (divā+rātra)

• divā – by day, daily
  indeclinable
• rātra – night
  noun (neuter)

Note: Functions as an adverb of time.

अवारितम् (avāritam) - unhindered, unrestrained, continuous

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of avārita

avārita - unhindered, unrestrained, not forbidden

Past Passive Participle

Root vṛ (to cover, restrain) + kta (suffix) + a (negative prefix)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vārita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• vārita – prevented, hindered, restrained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vṛ (to restrain, choose) + kta suffix
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Modifies the implied event or activity.

तम् (tam) - that (event/festival) (that, him, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Note: Refers to the "festival" or event.

महोत्सवसंकाशम् (mahotsavasaṁkāśam) - resembling a great festival

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahotsavasaṃkāśa

mahotsavasaṁkāśa - resembling a great festival, appearing like a grand celebration

Compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahā+utsava+saṃkāśa)

• mahā – great, grand
  adjective
  From mahat
• utsava – festival, celebration
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ut
• saṃkāśa – resembling, appearing like, similar to
  adjective
  From root kāś (to appear) + saṃ (prefix)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'tam'.

अतिहृष्टजनाकुलम् (atihṛṣṭajanākulam) - crowded/filled with exceedingly joyful people

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of atihṛṣṭajanākula

atihṛṣṭajanākula - crowded with exceedingly joyful people

Compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (atihṛṣṭa+jana+ākula)

• atihṛṣṭa – exceedingly joyful/delighted
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root hṛṣ (to be pleased) + kta (suffix) + ati (prefix)
  Prefix: ati
  Root: hṛṣ (class 4)
• jana – person, people
  noun (masculine)
• ākula – crowded, filled, agitated
  adjective
  Prefix: ā

Note: Modifies 'tam'.

कथयन्ति (kathayanti) - they tell, they say, they narrate

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of kath

Present Tense, Active Voice, 3rd person plural

Root kath (denominal from kathā), present tense

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Used with 'sma' to indicate past habitual action.

स्म (sma) - particle indicating past action with present verb

(indeclinable)

पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - men, people, individuals

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, human being, spirit (puruṣa)

Root: pṛ (class 3)

Note: Subject of 'kathayanti sma'.

नानादेशनिवासिनः (nānādeśanivāsinaḥ) - dwelling in various countries, from diverse lands

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nānādeśanivāsin

nānādeśanivāsin - dwelling in various countries

Compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (nānā+deśa+nivāsin)

• nānā – various, diverse, manifold
  indeclinable
• deśa – country, region, place
  noun (masculine)
• nivāsin – dweller, inhabitant, residing
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root vas (to dwell) + ni (prefix) + ṇini (suffix)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'puruṣāḥ'.