महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-91, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
शमयित्वा पशूनन्यान्विधिवद्द्विजसत्तमाः ।
तुरगं तं यथाशास्त्रमालभन्त द्विजातयः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
śamayitvā paśūnanyānvidhivaddvijasattamāḥ ,
turagaṁ taṁ yathāśāstramālabhanta dvijātayaḥ.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca śamayitvā paśūn anyān vidhivat
dvijasattamāḥ turagaṃ taṃ yathāśāstram ālabhanta dvijātayaḥ

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca dvijasattamāḥ anyān paśūn vidhivat
śamayitvā dvijātayaḥ taṃ turagaṃ yathāśāstram ālabhanta

1. Vaiśampāyana said: 'O best among the twice-born (dvija) Brahmins, having properly consecrated the other animals, the twice-born (dvija) priests then consecrated that horse according to the scriptures.'

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• शमयित्वा (śamayitvā) - having performed the preparatory rites for sacrifice (having pacified, having consecrated (ritually))

• पशून् (paśūn) - animals, beasts

• अन्यान् (anyān) - other

• विधिवत् (vidhivat) - according to rule, properly, ritually

• द्विजसत्तमाः (dvijasattamāḥ) - O best among the twice-born (dvija) Brahmins (O best among the twice-born)

• तुरगं (turagaṁ) - horse

• तं (taṁ) - that

• यथाशास्त्रम् (yathāśāstram) - according to the scriptures

• आलभन्त (ālabhanta) - they consecrated, sacrificed, touched

• द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - the twice-born (dvija) priests (the twice-born ones)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana, a celebrated sage, disciple of Vyāsa

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root vac, class 2, parasmaipada. Perfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

शमयित्वा (śamayitvā) - having performed the preparatory rites for sacrifice (having pacified, having consecrated (ritually))

(indeclinable)

Gerund (Causative)

From causative stem of root śam (śam-i-), with suffix -tvā.

Root: śam (class 4)

पशून् (paśūn) - animals, beasts

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of paśu

paśu - animal, beast, cattle

अन्यान् (anyān) - other

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another

विधिवत् (vidhivat) - according to rule, properly, ritually

(indeclinable)

द्विजसत्तमाः (dvijasattamāḥ) - O best among the twice-born (dvija) Brahmins (O best among the twice-born)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of dvijasattama

dvijasattama - best among the twice-born

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+sattama)

• dvija – twice-born, Brahmin, bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from dvi (two) + jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• sattama – best, most excellent, pre-eminent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of 'sat' (good, existing)
  Root: as (class 2)

तुरगं (turagaṁ) - horse

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of turaga

turaga - horse (lit. 'going quickly')

तं (taṁ) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

यथाशास्त्रम् (yathāśāstram) - according to the scriptures

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+śāstra)

• yathā – as, according to, in such a manner
  indeclinable
• śāstra – scripture, treatise, rule, instruction
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śās (class 2)

आलभन्त (ālabhanta) - they consecrated, sacrificed, touched

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (luṅ) of labh

Imperfect Middle

Root labh, class 1, ātmanepada. Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural.

Prefix: ā

Root: labh (class 1)

द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - the twice-born (dvija) priests (the twice-born ones)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvijāti

dvijāti - a twice-born person (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), a bird, a tooth

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• jāti – birth, origin, species
  noun (feminine)
  Root: jan (class 4)