महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-16, verse-18

कश्चिद्विप्रस्तपोयुक्तः काश्यपो धर्मवित्तमः ।
आससाद द्विजं कंचिद्धर्माणामागतागमम् ॥१८॥

18. kaścidviprastapoyuktaḥ kāśyapo dharmavittamaḥ ,
āsasāda dvijaṁ kaṁciddharmāṇāmāgatāgamam.

18. kaścit vipraḥ tapas yuktaḥ kāśyapaḥ dharma vittamaḥ
āsasāda dvijam kaścit dharmāṇām āgata āgamam

18. tapas yuktaḥ dharma vittamaḥ kaścit kāśyapaḥ vipraḥ
dharmāṇām āgata āgamam kaścit dvijam āsasāda

18. A certain Brahmin (vipra) named Kāśyapa, who was devoted to austerity (tapas) and foremost among those who understood natural law (dharma), approached another Brahmin (dvija) who had perfectly mastered the sacred texts concerning all principles of natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - a certain (Brahmin) (a certain, someone)

• विप्रः (vipraḥ) - a Brahmin (Brahmin, inspired person)

• तपस् (tapas) - austerity (compound part) (austerity, spiritual heat)

• युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - endowed with (austerity) (joined, endowed with, engaged in)

• काश्यपः (kāśyapaḥ) - named Kāśyapa (referring to the Brahmin) (descendant of Kaśyapa, name of a sage)

• धर्म (dharma) - natural law (compound part) (natural law, duty, righteousness)

• वित्तमः (vittamaḥ) - supreme in knowledge (of dharma) (most knowledgeable, best knower)

• आससाद (āsasāda) - approached (approached, attained)

• द्विजम् (dvijam) - another Brahmin (a Brahmin, a bird, a tooth)

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - a certain (Brahmin) (a certain, someone)

• धर्माणाम् (dharmāṇām) - of (all) principles of natural law (dharma) (of duties, of principles, of natural laws)

• आगत (āgata) - mastered (compound part) (come, arrived, understood, mastered)

• आगमम् (āgamam) - sacred texts (compound part) (sacred text, tradition, knowledge)

Words meanings and morphology

कश्चित् (kaścit) - a certain (Brahmin) (a certain, someone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - a certain, someone, anyone

ka + cid

विप्रः (vipraḥ) - a Brahmin (Brahmin, inspired person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - inspired, a Brahmin, a sage

From √vip (to tremble, inspire)

Root: √vip (class 1)

तपस् (tapas) - austerity (compound part) (austerity, spiritual heat)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, religious austerity, penance (tapas)

From √tap (to heat, suffer penance)

Root: √tap (class 1)

Note: This is part of the compound `tapas-yuktaḥ`, here listed in its base form for compound part.

युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - endowed with (austerity) (joined, endowed with, engaged in)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, united, endowed with, engaged in, appropriate

Past Passive Participle

From √yuj (to join, unite)

Root: √yuj (class 7)

काश्यपः (kāśyapaḥ) - named Kāśyapa (referring to the Brahmin) (descendant of Kaśyapa, name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāśyapa

kāśyapa - descendant of sage Kaśyapa; name of a sage

Derived from Kaśyapa

Note: Appositive to vipraḥ.

धर्म (dharma) - natural law (compound part) (natural law, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature (dharma), duty, righteousness, virtue

From √dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: √dhṛ (class 1)

Note: This is part of the compound `dharma-vittamaḥ`, here listed in its base form for compound part.

वित्तमः (vittamaḥ) - supreme in knowledge (of dharma) (most knowledgeable, best knower)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vittama

vittama - most knowing, best knower, most learned

Superlative of vid (knower), from √vid (to know) + -tama suffix.

Root: √vid (class 2)

आससाद (āsasāda) - approached (approached, attained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √sad

Perfect tense, with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: √sad (class 1)

द्विजम् (dvijam) - another Brahmin (a Brahmin, a bird, a tooth)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born (epithet for Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya), Brahmin, bird, tooth

dvi (twice) + ja (born)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two, twice
  numeral
• ja – born, produced
  adjective (masculine)
  suffix
  Derived from √jan (to be born)
  Root: √jan (class 4)

Note: Object of āsasāda.

कश्चित् (kaścit) - a certain (Brahmin) (a certain, someone)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - a certain, someone, anyone

ka + cid

Note: Agrees with dvijam.

धर्माणाम् (dharmāṇām) - of (all) principles of natural law (dharma) (of duties, of principles, of natural laws)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature (dharma), duty, righteousness, virtue

From √dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: √dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies āgata-āgamam.

आगत (āgata) - mastered (compound part) (come, arrived, understood, mastered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, returned, understood, known, mastered

Past Passive Participle

From ā-√gam (to come to, arrive, understand)

Prefix: ā

Root: √gam (class 1)

Note: This is part of the compound `āgata-āgamam`.

आगमम् (āgamam) - sacred texts (compound part) (sacred text, tradition, knowledge)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āgama

āgama - coming, arrival, acquisition of knowledge, sacred text, tradition

From ā-√gam

Compound type : bahuvrihi (āgata+āgama)

• āgata – come, arrived, understood, mastered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From ā-√gam (to come to, arrive, understand)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: √gam (class 1)
• āgama – coming, arrival, acquisition of knowledge, sacred text, tradition
  noun (masculine)
  From ā-√gam
  Prefix: ā
  Root: √gam (class 1)

Note: This compound `āgata-āgamam` qualifies `dvijam`.