महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-16, verse-17

तत्तेऽहं संप्रवक्ष्यामि यथावन्मधुसूदन ।
शृणुष्वावहितो भूत्वा गदतो मम माधव ॥१७॥

17. tatte'haṁ saṁpravakṣyāmi yathāvanmadhusūdana ,
śṛṇuṣvāvahito bhūtvā gadato mama mādhava.

17. tat te aham sampravakṣyāmi yathāvat madhusūdana
śṛṇuṣva avahitaḥ bhūtvā gadatḥ mama mādhava

17. madhusūdana tat te aham yathāvat sampravakṣyāmi
mādhava mama gadatḥ avahitaḥ bhūtvā śṛṇuṣva

17. O Madhusūdana, I will now explain that to you precisely. O Mādhava, listen attentively while I speak.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that (which I am about to tell) (that, it)

• ते (te) - to you (to you, your)

• अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker) (I)

• सम्प्रवक्ष्यामि (sampravakṣyāmi) - I will explain (in detail) (I will explain, I will declare)

• यथावत् (yathāvat) - precisely (exactly, precisely, as it should be)

• मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Madhusūdana (addressing Kṛṣṇa) (O killer of Madhu (an epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa))

• शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - listen (attentively) (listen, hear)

• अवहितः (avahitaḥ) - attentive (attentive, absorbed, concentrated)

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become (attentive), being (having become, being)

• गदत्ः (gadatḥ) - while I speak, of me speaking (of one speaking, while speaking)

• मम (mama) - my, of me (the speaker) (my, of me)

• माधव (mādhava) - O Mādhava (addressing Kṛṣṇa) (O descendant of Madhu, O husband of Mā (Lakṣmī))

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that (which I am about to tell) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

ते (te) - to you (to you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvad

tvad - you (singular)

Note: Also genitive singular.

अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

सम्प्रवक्ष्यामि (sampravakṣyāmi) - I will explain (in detail) (I will explain, I will declare)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of √vac

Future active, with prefixes sam- and pra-

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: √vac (class 2)

यथावत् (yathāvat) - precisely (exactly, precisely, as it should be)

(indeclinable)

Derived from yathā + vat suffix

मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Madhusūdana (addressing Kṛṣṇa) (O killer of Madhu (an epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of madhusūdana

madhusūdana - killer of Madhu (a demon), epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa

Compound: madhu (honey/demon name) + sūdana (destroyer)

Compound type : tatpurusha (madhu+sūdana)

• madhu – honey, demon's name
  noun (neuter)
• sūdana – destroying, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  From √sūd (to kill, destroy)
  Root: √sūd (class 10)

शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - listen (attentively) (listen, hear)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of √śru

Middle voice imperative

Root: √śru (class 5)

अवहितः (avahitaḥ) - attentive (attentive, absorbed, concentrated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avahita

avahita - attentive, concentrated, fixed

Past Passive Participle

From ava-√dhā

Prefix: ava

Root: √dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject "you".

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become (attentive), being (having become, being)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Root: √bhū (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adverbial participle.

गदत्ः (gadatḥ) - while I speak, of me speaking (of one speaking, while speaking)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gadat

gadat - speaking, saying

Present Active Participle

From √gad (to speak, say)

Root: √gad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with mama (my).

मम (mama) - my, of me (the speaker) (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Also dative singular.

माधव (mādhava) - O Mādhava (addressing Kṛṣṇa) (O descendant of Madhu, O husband of Mā (Lakṣmī))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mādhava

mādhava - relating to Madhu, descendant of Madhu, husband of Mā (Lakṣmī), epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa

Derived from madhu