महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-145, verse-29

शरेणादित्यवर्णेन कालाग्निसमतेजसा ।
तेऽसुराः सपुरास्तत्र दग्धा रुद्रेण भारत ॥२९॥

29. śareṇādityavarṇena kālāgnisamatejasā ,
te'surāḥ sapurāstatra dagdhā rudreṇa bhārata.

29. śareṇa ādityavarṇena kālāgnisamatejasā te
asurāḥ sapurāḥ tatra dagdhāḥ rudreṇa bhārata

29. bhārata te asurāḥ sapurāḥ tatra rudreṇa
ādityavarṇena kālāgnisamatejasā śareṇa dagdhāḥ

29. O Bhārata, those (asuras) along with their cities, were burned there by Rudra with an arrow that had the radiance of the sun and a brilliance equal to the fire of cosmic dissolution.

Words meanings summery:

• शरेण (śareṇa) - with an arrow

• आदित्यवर्णेन (ādityavarṇena) - Describing the arrow's appearance. (with sun-like color/radiance)

• कालाग्निसमतेजसा (kālāgnisamatejasā) - Describing the arrow's power. (with splendor equal to the fire of time/destruction)

• ते (te) - Referring to the asuras. (those)

• असुराः (asurāḥ) - asuras, demons

• सपुराः (sapurāḥ) - Refers to the asuras along with the three cities (Tripuras) they inhabited. (with their cities, possessing cities)

• तत्र (tatra) - Referring to the location where the destruction occurred. (there)

• दग्धाः (dagdhāḥ) - burned, consumed by fire

• रुद्रेण (rudreṇa) - By Lord Shiva, in his fierce form. (by Rudra)

• भारत (bhārata) - An address to a king or prince of the Bhārata dynasty (e.g., Dhritarashtra or Yudhishthira). (O descendant of Bharata)

Words meanings and morphology

शरेण (śareṇa) - with an arrow

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śara

śara - arrow

Root: śṛ (class 1)

आदित्यवर्णेन (ādityavarṇena) - Describing the arrow's appearance. (with sun-like color/radiance)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ādityavarṇa

ādityavarṇa - of sun-like color/radiance

compound: āditya (sun) + varṇa (color, appearance)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āditya+varṇa)

• āditya – sun, son of Aditi
  noun (masculine)
• varṇa – color, appearance, class, letter
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Agrees with śareṇa.

कालाग्निसमतेजसा (kālāgnisamatejasā) - Describing the arrow's power. (with splendor equal to the fire of time/destruction)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kālāgnisamatejas

kālāgnisamatejas - having splendor equal to the fire of destruction

compound: kālāgni (fire of time/destruction) + sama (equal) + tejas (splendor)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kālāgni+sama+tejas)

• kāla – time, death
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kal (class 10)
• agni – fire
  noun (masculine)
• sama – equal, similar
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: śam (class 4)
• tejas – splendor, brilliance, energy
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with śareṇa.

ते (te) - Referring to the asuras. (those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this

असुराः (asurāḥ) - asuras, demons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of asura

asura - demon, anti-god

Root: as

सपुराः (sapurāḥ) - Refers to the asuras along with the three cities (Tripuras) they inhabited. (with their cities, possessing cities)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sapura

sapura - with cities, having cities

bahuvrīhi compound: sa (with) + pura (city)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+pura)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• pura – city, town
  noun (neuter)
  Root: pṛ (class 3)

Note: Agrees with asurāḥ.

तत्र (tatra) - Referring to the location where the destruction occurred. (there)

(indeclinable)

दग्धाः (dagdhāḥ) - burned, consumed by fire

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dah

dah - to burn

Past Passive Participle

derived from root dah with suffix -ta

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective with an implied 'were'.

रुद्रेण (rudreṇa) - By Lord Shiva, in his fierce form. (by Rudra)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rudra

rudra - Rudra (a Vedic deity, later identified with Shiva)

Root: rud (class 2)

Note: Agent in a passive construction.

भारत (bhārata) - An address to a king or prince of the Bhārata dynasty (e.g., Dhritarashtra or Yudhishthira). (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata

Root: bhṛ (class 1)