महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-145, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
दुर्वाससः प्रसादात्ते यत्तदा मधुसूदन ।
अवाप्तमिह विज्ञानं तन्मे व्याख्यातुमर्हसि ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
durvāsasaḥ prasādātte yattadā madhusūdana ,
avāptamiha vijñānaṁ tanme vyākhyātumarhasi.

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca durvāsasaḥ prasādāt te yat tadā
madhusūdana avāptam iha vijñānam tat me vyākhyātum arhasi

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca madhusūdana durvāsasaḥ prasādāt
yat tadā iha vijñānam avāptam tat me vyākhyātum arhasi

1. Yudhishthira said: O slayer of Madhu (Madhusudana), you ought to explain to me the knowledge that you then obtained here through the grace of Durvasas.

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said

• दुर्वाससः (durvāsasaḥ) - of Durvasas (a sage)

• प्रसादात् (prasādāt) - from grace, by favor

• ते (te) - to you, by you, your

• यत् (yat) - what, which

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O slayer of Madhu (Krishna)

• अवाप्तम् (avāptam) - obtained, gained

• इह (iha) - here, in this matter

• विज्ञानम् (vijñānam) - knowledge, special knowledge

• तत् (tat) - that

• मे (me) - to me, my

• व्याख्यातुम् (vyākhyātum) - to explain

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (proper name, lit. 'firm in battle')

Compound: yudhi (in battle) + sthira (firm)

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  indeclinable (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (battle)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of uvāca

perfect active

Perfect tense 3rd person singular of root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

दुर्वाससः (durvāsasaḥ) - of Durvasas (a sage)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of durvāsas

durvāsas - Durvasas (name of a sage)

Note: Qualifies 'prasādāt'.

प्रसादात् (prasādāt) - from grace, by favor

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of prasāda

prasāda - grace, favor, clemency

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Indicates source of knowledge.

ते (te) - to you, by you, your

(pronoun)

singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Refers to Madhusudana.

यत् (yat) - what, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - what, which, that

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O slayer of Madhu (Krishna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of madhusūdana

madhusūdana - slayer of Madhu (epithet of Krishna)

Compound: madhu + sūdana

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhu+sūdana)

• madhu – nectar, honey, a demon's name
  noun (neuter/masculine)
• sūdana – slayer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  From root sūd (to destroy)
  Root: sūd (class 10)

अवाप्तम् (avāptam) - obtained, gained

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avāpta

avāpta - obtained, gained, acquired

Past Passive Participle

Derived from ava-āp (to obtain) in past passive participle form.

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'vijñānam'.

इह (iha) - here, in this matter

(indeclinable)

विज्ञानम् (vijñānam) - knowledge, special knowledge

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vijñāna

vijñāna - knowledge, understanding, science, discernment

Derived from vi-jñā (to know, understand).

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of 'avāptam'.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Note: Object of 'vyākhyātum arhasi'.

मे (me) - to me, my

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

व्याख्यातुम् (vyākhyātum) - to explain

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive form of root khyā (to tell) with prefix vy-ā.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

present active

Present tense 2nd person singular of root arh (to deserve).

Root: arh (class 1)