महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-145, verse-13

तेन ज्यातलघोषेण सर्वे लोकाः समाकुलाः ।
बभूवुरवशाः पार्थ विषेदुश्च सुरासुराः ॥१३॥

13. tena jyātalaghoṣeṇa sarve lokāḥ samākulāḥ ,
babhūvuravaśāḥ pārtha viṣeduśca surāsurāḥ.

13. tena jyātalaghoṣeṇa sarve lokāḥ samākulāḥ
babhūvuḥ avaśāḥ pārtha viṣeduḥ ca surāsurāḥ

13. pārtha tena jyātalaghoṣeṇa sarve lokāḥ
samākulāḥ avaśāḥ babhūvuḥ ca surāsurāḥ viṣeduḥ

13. O Pārtha, due to that twang of the bowstring, all the worlds became agitated and helpless, and even the gods and asuras experienced despair.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by that (twang) (by that, by him, by it)

• ज्यातलघोषेण (jyātalaghoṣeṇa) - by the twang of the bowstring (by the sound of the bowstring's surface)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

• लोकाः (lokāḥ) - worlds (worlds, people, realms)

• समाकुलाः (samākulāḥ) - agitated (agitated, disturbed, thrown into confusion)

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they became (they became, they existed)

• अवशाः (avaśāḥ) - helpless (helpless, powerless, out of control)

• पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha (Arjuna) (O son of Pṛthā (Arjuna))

• विषेदुः (viṣeduḥ) - they experienced despair (they despaired, they became dejected)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सुरासुराः (surāsurāḥ) - gods and asuras

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by that (twang) (by that, by him, by it)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to `ghoṣeṇa`.

ज्यातलघोषेण (jyātalaghoṣeṇa) - by the twang of the bowstring (by the sound of the bowstring's surface)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jyātalaghoṣa

jyātalaghoṣa - sound of the bowstring's surface, twang of the bowstring

Tatpuruṣa compound: `jyā-tala` (bowstring surface) + `ghoṣa` (sound).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (jyātala+ghoṣa)

• jyātala – bowstring's surface, bowstring's twang
  noun (masculine)
  Tatpuruṣa compound: `jyā` (bowstring) + `tala` (surface).
• ghoṣa – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)
  From √ghuṣ (to sound, to proclaim).
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Adjectival pronoun.

लोकाः (lokāḥ) - worlds (worlds, people, realms)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people, space

समाकुलाः (samākulāḥ) - agitated (agitated, disturbed, thrown into confusion)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samākula

samākula - agitated, perplexed, greatly confused

Compound of `sam` (with, together) + `ākula` (confused, agitated).

Compound type : Prādi-samāsa (sam+ākula)

• sam – with, together, completely
  indeclinable
• ākula – confused, agitated, crowded
  adjective
  From √kul (to collect, to throng) with `ā`.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kul (class 1)

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they became (they became, they existed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of √bhū

Perfect

3rd plural, perfect tense.

Root: bhū (class 1)

अवशाः (avaśāḥ) - helpless (helpless, powerless, out of control)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of avaśa

avaśa - helpless, powerless, dependent, not master of oneself

Negative compound `a` + `vaśa` (control).

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpuruṣa (a+vaśa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• vaśa – will, control, power
  noun (masculine)

पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha (Arjuna) (O son of Pṛthā (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), a name for Arjuna

Derived from Pṛthā (Kuntī) + `aṇ` suffix.

विषेदुः (viṣeduḥ) - they experienced despair (they despaired, they became dejected)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of √viṣad

Perfect

From √sad (to sit, sink) with prefix `vi`. 3rd plural, perfect tense.

Prefix: vi

Root: sad (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

सुरासुराः (surāsurāḥ) - gods and asuras

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of surāsura

surāsura - gods and demons (asuras)

Dvandva compound of `sura` (god) and `asura` (demon).

Compound type : Dvandva (sura+asura)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• asura – demon, anti-god
  noun (masculine)
  Negative prefix `a` + `sura` (god).
  Prefix: a