महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-145, verse-15

अन्धेन तमसा लोकाः प्रावृता न चकाशिरे ।
प्रनष्टा ज्योतिषां भाश्च सह सूर्येण भारत ॥१५॥

15. andhena tamasā lokāḥ prāvṛtā na cakāśire ,
pranaṣṭā jyotiṣāṁ bhāśca saha sūryeṇa bhārata.

15. andhena tamasā lokāḥ prāvṛtā na cakāśire
pranaṣṭā jyotiṣām bhāḥ ca saha sūryeṇa bhārata

15. bhārata andhena tamasā prāvṛtā lokāḥ na
cakāśire ca jyotiṣām bhāḥ sūryeṇa saha pranaṣṭā

15. O Bhārata, the worlds, enveloped by dense darkness, did not shine. And the radiance of the luminaries, along with the sun, completely vanished.

Words meanings summery:

• अन्धेन (andhena) - by dense (darkness) (by blind, by dark)

• तमसा (tamasā) - by darkness (by darkness, by gloom)

• लोकाः (lokāḥ) - the worlds (worlds, people, realms)

• प्रावृता (prāvṛtā) - enveloped (covered, enveloped, hidden)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• चकाशिरे (cakāśire) - did not shine (they shone, they appeared)

• प्रनष्टा (pranaṣṭā) - vanished (vanished, lost, destroyed)

• ज्योतिषाम् (jyotiṣām) - of the luminaries (of the luminaries, of the stars, of the lights)

• भाः (bhāḥ) - the radiance (light, splendor, radiance)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सह (saha) - along with (with, accompanied by)

• सूर्येण (sūryeṇa) - with the sun (by the sun, with the sun)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (Arjuna) (O descendant of Bharata (Arjuna))

Words meanings and morphology

अन्धेन (andhena) - by dense (darkness) (by blind, by dark)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of andha

andha - blind, dark, obscure

तमसा (tamasā) - by darkness (by darkness, by gloom)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance

s-stem neuter noun.

लोकाः (lokāḥ) - the worlds (worlds, people, realms)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people, space

a-stem masculine noun.

Note: Subject of `na cakāśire`.

प्रावृता (prāvṛtā) - enveloped (covered, enveloped, hidden)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prāvṛta

prāvṛta - covered, enveloped, veiled, surrounded

Past Passive Participle

From √vṛ (to cover) with prefix `pra`. P.P.P.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛ (class 5)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

चकाशिरे (cakāśire) - did not shine (they shone, they appeared)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (Lit) of √kāś

Perfect, Middle Voice

3rd plural, perfect tense, middle voice.

Root: kāś (class 1)

प्रनष्टा (pranaṣṭā) - vanished (vanished, lost, destroyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of pranaṣṭa

pranaṣṭa - vanished, lost, destroyed, ruined

Past Passive Participle

From √naś (to perish, disappear) with prefix `pra`. P.P.P.

Prefix: pra

Root: naś (class 1)

ज्योतिषाम् (jyotiṣām) - of the luminaries (of the luminaries, of the stars, of the lights)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of jyotis

jyotis - light, luster, star, luminary

s-stem neuter noun.

Root: dyut (class 1)

भाः (bhāḥ) - the radiance (light, splendor, radiance)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of bhā

bhā - light, splendor, radiance, luster

Feminine noun, irregular declension. Root √bhā.

Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Subject of `pranaṣṭā`.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

सह (saha) - along with (with, accompanied by)

(indeclinable)

Preposition governing instrumental case.

सूर्येण (sūryeṇa) - with the sun (by the sun, with the sun)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun, Sun god

a-stem masculine noun.

Root: sūr

Note: Governed by `saha`.

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (Arjuna) (O descendant of Bharata (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, an epithet of Arjuna

Patronymic from Bharata.