महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-106, verse-15

दोग्ध्रीणां वै गवां चैव प्रयुतानि दशैव ह ।
प्रादां दशगुणं ब्रह्मन्न च तेनाहमागतः ॥१५॥

15. dogdhrīṇāṁ vai gavāṁ caiva prayutāni daśaiva ha ,
prādāṁ daśaguṇaṁ brahmanna ca tenāhamāgataḥ.

15. dogdhrīṇām vai gavām ca eva prayutāni daśa eva ha
| prādām daśaguṇam brahman na ca tena aham āgataḥ

15. brahman,
dogdhrīṇām gavām ca eva vai daśaguṇam daśa eva ha prayutāni prādām,
tena ca aham na āgataḥ

15. Indeed, O (brahman), I gave one hundred million milch cows, yet I have not attained (the desired state) through that (action).

Words meanings summery:

• दोग्ध्रीणाम् (dogdhrīṇām) - of milch cows, of milk-giving females

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

• गवाम् (gavām) - of cows, of cattle

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

• प्रयुतानि (prayutāni) - ten million (10^7) (millions, ten millions)

• दश (daśa) - ten

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

• ह (ha) - indeed, verily, a particle denoting emphasis

• प्रादाम् (prādām) - I gave

• दशगुणम् (daśaguṇam) - ten times the amount (i.e., making it 100 million) (tenfold, ten times)

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - Vocative, addressing a brahmin (O brahmin, O (brahman))

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• तेन (tena) - by that action of giving (by that, through that)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - attained (the desired state/goal) (arrived, come, attained)

Words meanings and morphology

दोग्ध्रीणाम् (dogdhrīṇām) - of milch cows, of milk-giving females

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of dogdhrī

dogdhrī - a milch cow, a cow giving milk

Feminine of dogdhṛ (one who milks), derived from root duh (to milk).

Root: duh (class 2)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

(indeclinable)

गवाम् (gavām) - of cows, of cattle

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

(indeclinable)

प्रयुतानि (prayutāni) - ten million (10^7) (millions, ten millions)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of prayuta

prayuta - a million, ten millions (a specific high number)

Prefix: pra

Root: yuta

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

(indeclinable)

ह (ha) - indeed, verily, a particle denoting emphasis

(indeclinable)

प्रादाम् (prādām) - I gave

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, Aorist (Luṅ) of dā

Aorist (Luṅ)

First person singular Aorist (Luṅ) of root dā, with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

दशगुणम् (daśaguṇam) - ten times the amount (i.e., making it 100 million) (tenfold, ten times)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of daśaguṇa

daśaguṇa - tenfold, ten times

Compound of daśa (ten) and guṇa (multiplier/fold).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daśa+guṇa)

• daśa – ten
  numeral
• guṇa – quality, attribute, multiple, fold
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies the extent of the gift, making 'ten prayutas' into 'one hundred million'.

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - Vocative, addressing a brahmin (O brahmin, O (brahman))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - priest, brahmin; sacred word, prayer; the Absolute (brahman); creator god (Brahmā)

The form 'brahman' is vocative singular of a masculine 'brahman' (a brahmin priest).

Root: bṛh

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तेन (tena) - by that action of giving (by that, through that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Refers to the act of giving.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

आगतः (āgataḥ) - attained (the desired state/goal) (arrived, come, attained)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - arrived, come, approached, attained, returned

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root gam (to go) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)