महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-106, verse-38

इन्द्रेण गुह्यं निहितं वै गुहायां यद्भार्गवस्तपसेहाभ्यविन्दत् ।
जाज्वल्यमानमुशनस्तेजसेह तत्साधयामास महं वरेण्यम् ॥३८॥

38. indreṇa guhyaṁ nihitaṁ vai guhāyāṁ; yadbhārgavastapasehābhyavindat ,
jājvalyamānamuśanastejaseha; tatsādhayāmāsa mahaṁ vareṇyam.

38. indreṇa guhyam nihitam vai guhāyām
yat bhārgavaḥ tapasā iha abhyavindat
jājakvalyamānam uśanāḥ tejasā
iha tat sādhayāmāsa maham vareṇyam

38. yat guhyam indreṇa guhāyām vai nihitam
(ca) bhārgavaḥ tapasā iha abhyavindat
uśanāḥ (tat) jājakvalyamānam
maham vareṇyam tat iha tejasā sādhayāmāsa

38. That secret (guhyam) which was hidden by Indra in a cave, and which Bhārgava (Uśanā) discovered here through his ascetic practice (tapas) – that very blazing, great, and excellent (power or knowledge), Uśanā accomplished here by his own brilliance (tejas).

Words meanings summery:

• इन्द्रेण (indreṇa) - by Indra

• गुह्यम् (guhyam) - that secret (guhyam) (secret, hidden thing, mystery)

• निहितम् (nihitam) - which was hidden (placed, deposited, hidden)

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

• गुहायाम् (guhāyām) - in a cave, in a secret place

• यत् (yat) - which, what, that

• भार्गवः (bhārgavaḥ) - Bhārgava (Uśanā) (descendant of Bhṛgu, Uśanā, Śukra)

• तपसा (tapasā) - through his ascetic practice (tapas) (by ascetic practice, through austerity (tapas))

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, now

• अभ्यविन्दत् (abhyavindat) - he found, he discovered

• जाजक्वल्यमानम् (jājakvalyamānam) - blazing brightly, shining intensely, glittering

• उशनाः (uśanāḥ) - Uśanā (name of a sage, Śukra)

• तेजसा (tejasā) - by his own brilliance (tejas) (by brilliance, by power, by energy (tejas))

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, now

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• साधयामास (sādhayāmāsa) - he accomplished, he brought to completion, he made successful

• महम् (maham) - great, mighty

• वरेण्यम् (vareṇyam) - excellent, desirable, supreme, worthy of choice

Words meanings and morphology

इन्द्रेण (indreṇa) - by Indra

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of indra

indra - chief of the gods, a specific deity

Note: Agent of hiding.

गुह्यम् (guhyam) - that secret (guhyam) (secret, hidden thing, mystery)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of guhya

guhya - secret, hidden, mysterious

Gerundive/Neuter noun

Derived from root guh (to hide) with suffix yat.

Root: guh (class 1)

Note: A key concept in the verse, describing the hidden knowledge or power.

निहितम् (nihitam) - which was hidden (placed, deposited, hidden)

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nihita

nihita - placed, deposited, hidden, entrusted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dhā (to place) with prefix ni and suffix kta.

Prefix: ni

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Describes the state of the 'guhyam'.

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Used for emphasis.

गुहायाम् (guhāyām) - in a cave, in a secret place

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of guhā

guhā - cave, secret place, heart, intellect

From root guh (to hide).

Root: guh (class 1)

Note: Specifies where the secret was hidden.

यत् (yat) - which, what, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Relative pronoun.

Note: Acts as the object of 'abhyavindat'.

भार्गवः (bhārgavaḥ) - Bhārgava (Uśanā) (descendant of Bhṛgu, Uśanā, Śukra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhārgava

bhārgava - descendant of Bhṛgu, name of Uśanā (Śukra), Paraśurāma

Patronymic from Bhṛgu.

Note: Subject of 'abhyavindat'.

तपसा (tapasā) - through his ascetic practice (tapas) (by ascetic practice, through austerity (tapas))

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - asceticism, austerity, heat, spiritual fervor

Derived from root tap (to heat, to perform austerity).

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Means by which 'guhyam' was found.

इह (iha) - here, in this world, now

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place or time.

अभ्यविन्दत् (abhyavindat) - he found, he discovered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vid

Imperfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular

Root vid (7th class, Atmanepada) with prefixes abhi and vi. The initial 'a' is augment for imperfect.

Prefixes: abhi+vi

Root: vid (class 7)

Note: Its subject is 'bhārgavaḥ'.

जाजक्वल्यमानम् (jājakvalyamānam) - blazing brightly, shining intensely, glittering

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jājakvalyamāna

jājakvalyamāna - blazing, shining intensely, glittering

Present Active Participle (intensive reduplicated form)

Intensive (Yaṅanta) form of root jval (to blaze) with Atmanepada suffix śānac.

Root: jval (class 1)

Note: Highly descriptive of the secret's nature.

उशनाः (uśanāḥ) - Uśanā (name of a sage, Śukra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uśanas

uśanas - Uśanā (name of the preceptor of the demons, also known as Śukra)

Stem ends in s.

Note: Subject of 'sādhayāmāsa'.

तेजसा (tejasā) - by his own brilliance (tejas) (by brilliance, by power, by energy (tejas))

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - brilliance, radiance, power, energy, spiritual energy

From root tij (to be sharp).

Root: tij

Note: Means by which Uśanā accomplished it.

इह (iha) - here, in this world, now

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place or time.

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, this

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of 'sādhayāmāsa'.

साधयामास (sādhayāmāsa) - he accomplished, he brought to completion, he made successful

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of sādh

Periphrastic Perfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular

Formed with ām + auxiliary ās (to be) in perfect. Causal of root sādh (to succeed).

Root: sādh (class 10)

Note: Its subject is 'uśanāḥ'.

महम् (maham) - great, mighty

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, mighty, large, eminent

Accusative singular neuter form, though less common than 'mahat'.

Note: Agrees with 'tat' and 'vareṇyam'. Used as an adjective for the secret/power.

वरेण्यम् (vareṇyam) - excellent, desirable, supreme, worthy of choice

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vareṇya

vareṇya - excellent, desirable, best, supreme, venerable

Gerundive/Adjective

Derived from root vṛ (to choose) with suffix eṇya.

Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'tat' and 'maham'.