महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-106, verse-6

तं दृष्ट्वा स वचः प्राह ब्रह्मा राजन्भगीरथम् ।
कथं भगीरथागास्त्वमिमं देशं दुरासदम् ॥६॥

6. taṁ dṛṣṭvā sa vacaḥ prāha brahmā rājanbhagīratham ,
kathaṁ bhagīrathāgāstvamimaṁ deśaṁ durāsadam.

6. tam dṛṣṭvā saḥ vacaḥ prāha brahmā rājan bhagīratham
katham bhagīratha agāḥ tvam imam deśam durāsadam

6. tam dṛṣṭvā saḥ brahmā rājan bhagīratham vacaḥ prāha
bhagīratha tvam imam durāsadam deśam katham agāḥ

6. Having seen him, Brahmā spoke these words to King Bhagīratha: "O Bhagīratha, how did you reach this inaccessible region?"

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Bhagīratha) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, having perceived)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Brahmā) (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

• वचः (vacaḥ) - words (word, speech)

• प्राह (prāha) - he said (he said, he spoke)

• ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahmā, the creator deity (Brahmā (the creator god))

• राजन् (rājan) - O King Bhagīratha (O King)

• भगीरथम् (bhagīratham) - to King Bhagīratha (to Bhagīratha)

• कथम् (katham) - how (how, in what manner, why)

• भगीरथ (bhagīratha) - O Bhagīratha, the legendary king (O Bhagīratha)

• अगाः (agāḥ) - you went, you reached (you went)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (you (nominative singular))

• इमम् (imam) - this (region) (this (masculine accusative singular))

• देशम् (deśam) - region, place (region, country, place)

• दुरासदम् (durāsadam) - inaccessible, difficult to reach (difficult to approach, inaccessible)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Bhagīratha) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Note: Refers to Bhagīratha from the previous verse.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

From root dṛś.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he (Brahmā) (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Note: Refers to Brahmā.

वचः (vacaḥ) - words (word, speech)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

Root: vac

प्राह (prāha) - he said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of ah

perfect tense, 3rd person singular

From root ah with prefix pra, perfect tense (liṭ).

Prefix: pra

Root: ah (class 2)

ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahmā, the creator deity (Brahmā (the creator god))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmā (the deity), a brahmin, the absolute reality (brahman)

Nominative singular masculine form.

Root: bṛh

राजन् (rājan) - O King Bhagīratha (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Vocative singular form.

Root: rāj

भगीरथम् (bhagīratham) - to King Bhagīratha (to Bhagīratha)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhagīratha

bhagīratha - Bhagīratha (a legendary king)

कथम् (katham) - how (how, in what manner, why)

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb.

भगीरथ (bhagīratha) - O Bhagīratha, the legendary king (O Bhagīratha)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagīratha

bhagīratha - Bhagīratha (a legendary king)

अगाः (agāḥ) - you went, you reached (you went)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperfect past (luṅ) of gam

imperfect tense, 2nd person singular

From root gam, imperfect tense (luṅ) with augment a, aorist form agāḥ.

Root: gam (class 1)

त्वम् (tvam) - you (you (nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Nominative singular form.

Note: Subject of agāḥ.

इमम् (imam) - this (region) (this (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

देशम् (deśam) - region, place (region, country, place)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - region, country, place, spot

Root: diś

दुरासदम् (durāsadam) - inaccessible, difficult to reach (difficult to approach, inaccessible)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of durāsada

durāsada - difficult to approach, inaccessible, invincible

Compound dur (difficult) + āsada (approachable).

Compound type : pradi-samāsa (dur+āsada)

• dur – difficult, bad, hard
  indeclinable
  prefix indicating difficulty or badness
• āsada – reaching, approaching, obtaining
  noun (masculine)
  verbal noun or adjective
  from root sad (to sit, approach) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: sad (class 1)