महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-106, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
दानं बहुविधाकारं शान्तिः सत्यमहिंसता ।
स्वदारतुष्टिश्चोक्ता ते फलं दानस्य चैव यत् ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
dānaṁ bahuvidhākāraṁ śāntiḥ satyamahiṁsatā ,
svadāratuṣṭiścoktā te phalaṁ dānasya caiva yat.

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca dānam bahuvidhākāram śāntiḥ satyam
ahiṃsatā svadāratuṣṭiḥ ca uktā te phalam dānasya ca eva yat

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca.
bahuvidhākāram dānam,
śāntiḥ,
satyam,
ahiṃsatā,
svadāratuṣṭiḥ ca,
dānasya ca eva yat phalam,
te uktā.

1. Yudhishthira said: Diverse forms of giving (dāna), peace, truthfulness, non-violence, and contentment with one's own wife – these, and also the fruit of giving, have been explained by you.

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The speaker, Yudhishthira (Yudhishthira (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - Yudhishthira spoke (said, spoke)

• दानम् (dānam) - the act of giving (dāna) (gift, donation, act of giving)

• बहुविधाकारम् (bahuvidhākāram) - referring to the diverse nature of giving (of many kinds/forms, manifold)

• शान्तिः (śāntiḥ) - inner peace, cessation of disturbance (peace, tranquility, calm)

• सत्यम् (satyam) - adherence to truth (truth, reality, truthfulness)

• अहिंसता (ahiṁsatā) - the practice of non-violence (non-violence, non-injury)

• स्वदारतुष्टिः (svadāratuṣṭiḥ) - marital fidelity and satisfaction (contentment with one's own wife)

• च (ca) - connecting the various virtues (and, also)

• उक्ता (uktā) - mentioned, explained (spoken, declared, said)

• ते (te) - by you (referring to Bhishma) (by you, your, to you)

• फलम् (phalam) - the outcome or benefit (fruit, result, consequence)

• दानस्य (dānasya) - pertaining to the act of giving (of giving, of donation)

• च (ca) - connecting 'the fruit of giving' to the list of virtues (and, also)

• एव (eva) - emphasizing that this too was explained (indeed, only, just)

• यत् (yat) - the specific fruit of giving (which, what, that)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The speaker, Yudhishthira (Yudhishthira (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (eldest of the Pandavas), firm in battle

Compound type : bahuvrihi (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  indeclinable
  locative of yudh (battle)
• sthira – firm, steady, constant
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - Yudhishthira spoke (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect 3rd person singular

from root 'vac', perfect form 'uvāca'

Root: vac (class 2)

दानम् (dānam) - the act of giving (dāna) (gift, donation, act of giving)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - gift, donation, act of giving

from root 'dā' (to give)

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: One of the topics.

बहुविधाकारम् (bahuvidhākāram) - referring to the diverse nature of giving (of many kinds/forms, manifold)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bahuvidhākāra

bahuvidhākāra - of many kinds/forms, manifold, diverse

compound of bahu (many), vidhā (manner/kind), and ākāra (form)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bahu+vidhā+ākāra)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective (masculine)
• vidhā – manner, kind, way
  noun (feminine)
• ākāra – form, shape, appearance
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'dānam'.

शान्तिः (śāntiḥ) - inner peace, cessation of disturbance (peace, tranquility, calm)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śānti

śānti - peace, tranquility, calm, cessation

from root 'śam' (to be calm)

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: One of the topics.

सत्यम् (satyam) - adherence to truth (truth, reality, truthfulness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, truthfulness, true

Note: One of the topics.

अहिंसता (ahiṁsatā) - the practice of non-violence (non-violence, non-injury)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ahiṃsatā

ahiṁsatā - non-violence, non-injury

derived from ahiṃsā (non-violence) with suffix -tā (feminine noun suffix)

Note: One of the topics.

स्वदारतुष्टिः (svadāratuṣṭiḥ) - marital fidelity and satisfaction (contentment with one's own wife)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of svadāratuṣṭi

svadāratuṣṭi - contentment with one's own wife

compound of sva (own), dāra (wife), and tuṣṭi (contentment)

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+dāra+tuṣṭi)

• sva – own, self
  adjective (masculine)
• dāra – wife (often plural, but here singular in meaning)
  noun (masculine)
• tuṣṭi – contentment, satisfaction
  noun (feminine)
  from root 'tuṣ' (to be pleased)
  Root: tuṣ (class 4)

Note: One of the topics.

च (ca) - connecting the various virtues (and, also)

(indeclinable)

उक्ता (uktā) - mentioned, explained (spoken, declared, said)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, declared

Past Passive Participle

from root 'vac' (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with the preceding list of virtues, likely in agreement with the last feminine noun 'svadāratuṣṭiḥ'.

ते (te) - by you (referring to Bhishma) (by you, your, to you)

(pronoun)

singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural or singular)

Note: Used as an instrumental agent for the passive 'uktā'.

फलम् (phalam) - the outcome or benefit (fruit, result, consequence)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward

Note: The subject of the implied verb, or part of the larger subject list.

दानस्य (dānasya) - pertaining to the act of giving (of giving, of donation)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - gift, donation, act of giving

from root 'dā' (to give)

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'phalam'.

च (ca) - connecting 'the fruit of giving' to the list of virtues (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - emphasizing that this too was explained (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Intensifying particle.

यत् (yat) - the specific fruit of giving (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Acts as a relative pronoun referring to 'phalam'.