महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-331, verse-44

तपसा योज्य सोऽऽत्मानं श्वेतद्वीपात्परं हि यत् ।
तेज इत्यभिविख्यातं स्वयंभासावभासितम् ॥४४॥

44. tapasā yojya so''tmānaṁ śvetadvīpātparaṁ hi yat ,
teja ityabhivikhyātaṁ svayaṁbhāsāvabhāsitam.

44. tapasā yojya saḥ ātmānam śvetadvīpāt param hi yat
tejaḥ iti abhivikhyātam svayaṃbhāsā avabhāsitam

44. saḥ tapasā ātmānam yojya yat śvetadvīpāt param hi tejaḥ iti abhivikhyātam svayaṃbhāsā avabhāsitam.

44. Having united his self (ātman) through austerity (tapas), he realized that which is indeed beyond Śvetadvīpa, well-known as light, and illumined by its own radiance.

Words meanings summery:

• तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity (tapas), by penance

• योज्य (yojya) - having yoked, having united, having connected

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - self (ātman), soul

• श्वेतद्वीपात् (śvetadvīpāt) - from Śvetadvīpa (white island)

• परम् (param) - beyond, higher, supreme

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely

• यत् (yat) - which, that which

• तेजः (tejaḥ) - light, effulgence, splendor, spiritual power

• इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating designation

• अभिविख्यातम् (abhivikhyātam) - well-known, celebrated, designated as

• स्वयंभासा (svayaṁbhāsā) - by its own light, by its inherent radiance

• अवभासितम् (avabhāsitam) - illumined, shone upon

Words meanings and morphology

तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity (tapas), by penance

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, spiritual fervor, heat

योज्य (yojya) - having yoked, having united, having connected

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive form of the causative of root yuj- 'to join, to unite'

Root: yuj (class 7)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - self (ātman), soul

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

श्वेतद्वीपात् (śvetadvīpāt) - from Śvetadvīpa (white island)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of śvetadvīpa

śvetadvīpa - White Island (a mythical land, often associated with Vishnu's abode)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śveta+dvīpa)

• śveta – white, pure
  adjective
• dvīpa – island, continent
  noun (masculine)

परम् (param) - beyond, higher, supreme

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, supreme, highest, beyond, next

Note: Used adverbially here, meaning 'beyond' or 'higher'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - which, that which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

तेजः (tejaḥ) - light, effulgence, splendor, spiritual power

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - brilliance, light, fire, spiritual power, energy

इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating designation

(indeclinable)

अभिविख्यातम् (abhivikhyātam) - well-known, celebrated, designated as

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of abhivikhyāta

abhivikhyāta - well-known, celebrated, famous, designated

Past Passive Participle

From root khyā- 'to tell, to be known' with prefixes abhi- and vi-

Prefixes: abhi+vi

Root: khyā (class 2)

स्वयंभासा (svayaṁbhāsā) - by its own light, by its inherent radiance

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of svayaṃbhās

svayaṁbhās - self-luminous, self-radiant

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (svayam+bhās)

• svayam – self, by oneself
  indeclinable
• bhās – light, splendor, radiance
  noun (feminine)
  From root bhās- 'to shine'
  Root: bhās (class 1)

अवभासितम् (avabhāsitam) - illumined, shone upon

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avabhāsita

avabhāsita - illumined, made to shine, revealed

Past Passive Participle

From root bhās- 'to shine' with prefix ava- and causative suffix -i-

Prefix: ava

Root: bhās (class 1)