महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-314, verse-7

विष्णुना यत्र पुत्रार्थे तपस्तप्तं महात्मना ।
यत्रैव च कुमारेण बाल्ये क्षिप्ता दिवौकसः ॥७॥

7. viṣṇunā yatra putrārthe tapastaptaṁ mahātmanā ,
yatraiva ca kumāreṇa bālye kṣiptā divaukasaḥ.

7. viṣṇunā yatra putrārthe tapas taptam mahātmanā
yatra eva ca kumāreṇa bālye kṣiptāḥ divaukasaḥ

7. mahātmanā viṣṇunā yatra putrārthe tapas taptam
yatra eva ca kumāreṇa bālye divaukasaḥ kṣiptāḥ

7. It is where the great-souled Vishnu performed penance (tapas) for the sake of a son. And it is also where Kumāra (Skanda), even in his childhood, cast down the celestial beings.

Words meanings summery:

• विष्णुना (viṣṇunā) - by Vishnu

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

• पुत्रार्थे (putrārthe) - for the sake of a son

• तपस् (tapas) - austerity, penance, spiritual discipline (tapas)

• तप्तम् (taptam) - performed, practiced (an austerity)

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled one

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly, even

• च (ca) - and, also

• कुमारेण (kumāreṇa) - by Kumāra, by Skanda (Kartikeya)

• बाल्ये (bālye) - in childhood, in youth

• क्षिप्ताः (kṣiptāḥ) - thrown, cast down

• दिवौकसः (divaukasaḥ) - celestial beings, gods

Words meanings and morphology

विष्णुना (viṣṇunā) - by Vishnu

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of viṣṇu

viṣṇu - Vishnu, the preserver god in Hinduism

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

(indeclinable)

पुत्रार्थे (putrārthe) - for the sake of a son

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of putrārtha

putrārtha - purpose of a son, for a son

Compound type : tatpurusha (putra+artha)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, aim, sake
  noun (masculine)

Note: Locative case used to express purpose ('for the sake of').

तपस् (tapas) - austerity, penance, spiritual discipline (tapas)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, penance, austerity, spiritual discipline (tapas)

Note: Can also be understood as accusative, as the object of 'taptam'.

तप्तम् (taptam) - performed, practiced (an austerity)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapta

tapta - heated, burned, performed (an austerity), practiced

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'tap' (to heat, to perform austerity)

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tapas' (neuter singular nominative).

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled one

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes Vishnu.

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly, even

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कुमारेण (kumāreṇa) - by Kumāra, by Skanda (Kartikeya)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kumāra

kumāra - boy, youth, son; a name of Kartikeya (Skanda), the god of war

बाल्ये (bālye) - in childhood, in youth

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bālya

bālya - childhood, state of a child, youth

Derived from 'bāla' (child) + 'ya' suffix (state of being)

क्षिप्ताः (kṣiptāḥ) - thrown, cast down

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣipta

kṣipta - thrown, cast, discharged

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'kṣip' (to throw, to cast)

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Grammatically, 'kṣiptāḥ' (masculine plural nominative) is expected to agree with 'divaukasaḥ'. The Devanagari 'क्षिप्ता' (kṣiptā) is feminine singular nominative, possibly a poetic license or a rare usage as plural for 'divaukasaḥ'.

दिवौकसः (divaukasaḥ) - celestial beings, gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of divaukas

divaukas - heaven-dweller, god, celestial being

Compound type : aluk-tatpurusha (div+okas)

• div – heaven, sky
  noun (feminine)
• okas – dwelling, house, abode
  noun (neuter)