महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-314, verse-1

भीष्म उवाच ।
एतच्छ्रुत्वा तु वचनं कृतात्मा कृतनिश्चयः ।
आत्मनात्मानमास्थाय दृष्ट्वा चात्मानमात्मना ॥१॥

1. bhīṣma uvāca ,
etacchrutvā tu vacanaṁ kṛtātmā kṛtaniścayaḥ ,
ātmanātmānamāsthāya dṛṣṭvā cātmānamātmanā.

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca etat śrutvā tu vacanam kṛta-ātmā kṛta-niścayaḥ
ātmanā ātmānam āsthāya dṛṣṭvā ca ātmānam ātmanā

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca tu etat vacanam śrutvā,
kṛta-ātmā kṛta-niścayaḥ (saḥ) ātmanā ātmānam āsthāya ca ātmanā ātmānam dṛṣṭvā.
.
.

1. Bhishma spoke: Having heard this statement, the one whose self (ātman) was perfected, whose resolve was firm, having established the self (ātman) by the self (ātman), and having seen the self (ātman) through the self (ātman)...

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (proper noun)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (spoke, said)

• एतत् (etat) - this (this (neuter nominative/accusative singular))

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - statement (statement, word, speech)

• कृत-आत्मा (kṛta-ātmā) - the one whose self (ātman) was perfected (one whose self (ātman) is perfected, a perfected soul)

• कृत-निश्चयः (kṛta-niścayaḥ) - whose resolve was firm (one whose resolve is firm, having firm determination)

• आत्मना (ātmanā) - by the self (ātman) (by the self, through the self (ātman))

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the self (ātman) (the self, the soul (ātman))

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having established (having established, having resorted to, having taken refuge in)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, having perceived)

• च (ca) - and, also

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the self (ātman) (the self, the soul (ātman))

• आत्मना (ātmanā) - through the self (ātman) (by the self, through the self (ātman))

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a character in the Mahābhārata), terrible, formidable

From root BHĪ (to fear)

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Speaker of the verse.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect active indicative

Third person singular perfect active indicative of root VAC.

Root: vac (class 2)

एतत् (etat) - this (this (neuter nominative/accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Demonstrative pronoun, nominative/accusative singular neuter

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root ŚRU.

Root: śru (class 5)

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic or adversative particle

वचनम् (vacanam) - statement (statement, word, speech)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - statement, word, speech

From root VAC (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

कृत-आत्मा (kṛta-ātmā) - the one whose self (ātman) was perfected (one whose self (ātman) is perfected, a perfected soul)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtātman

kṛtātman - one whose self (ātman) is perfected/accomplished, a perfected soul

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+ātman)

• kṛta – done, made, accomplished, perfected
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  P.P.P. of root KṚ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes the subject of the implied main verb.

कृत-निश्चयः (kṛta-niścayaḥ) - whose resolve was firm (one whose resolve is firm, having firm determination)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtaniścaya

kṛtaniścaya - one whose resolve/determination is firm/made

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+niścaya)

• kṛta – done, made, accomplished, firm
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  P.P.P. of root KṚ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• niścaya – certainty, determination, resolve
  noun (masculine)
  From ni- + root CI (to collect, observe)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Describes the subject of the implied main verb.

आत्मना (ātmanā) - by the self (ātman) (by the self, through the self (ātman))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, intrinsic nature

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the self (ātman) (the self, the soul (ātman))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essential nature

Note: Object of 'āsthāya' and 'dṛṣṭvā'.

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having established (having established, having resorted to, having taken refuge in)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root STHĀ with prefix Ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Precedes 'dṛṣṭvā' in the sequence of actions.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root DṚŚ.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Follows 'āsthāya' in the sequence of actions.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the self (ātman) (the self, the soul (ātman))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essential nature

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

आत्मना (ātmanā) - through the self (ātman) (by the self, through the self (ātman))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, intrinsic nature