महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-272, verse-7

भीष्म उवाच ।
रथेनेन्द्रः प्रयातो वै सार्धं सुरगणैः पुरा ।
ददर्शाथाग्रतो वृत्रं विष्ठितं पर्वतोपमम् ॥७॥

7. bhīṣma uvāca ,
rathenendraḥ prayāto vai sārdhaṁ suragaṇaiḥ purā ,
dadarśāthāgrato vṛtraṁ viṣṭhitaṁ parvatopamam.

7. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca | rathena indraḥ prayātaḥ vai sārdham suragaṇaiḥ
purā | dadarśa atha agrataḥ vṛtram viṣṭhitam parvatopamam

7. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca purā indraḥ vai suragaṇaiḥ sārdham rathena
prayātaḥ atha agrataḥ parvatopamam viṣṭhitam vṛtram dadarśa

7. Bhīṣma said: Formerly, Indra departed in his chariot along with the hosts of gods. Then, he saw Vṛtra standing before him, resembling a mountain.

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• रथेन (rathena) - by chariot, in a chariot

• इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra

• प्रयातः (prayātaḥ) - having departed, having set forth

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with, along with

• सुरगणैः (suragaṇaiḥ) - with the hosts of gods

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front, before

• वृत्रम् (vṛtram) - Vṛtra (object of seeing)

• विष्ठितम् (viṣṭhitam) - standing, situated

• पर्वतोपमम् (parvatopamam) - mountain-like, resembling a mountain

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (a revered character in the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

रथेन (rathena) - by chariot, in a chariot

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

Root: ṛ (class 3)

इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra (chief of the gods, deity of rain and thunder)

प्रयातः (prayātaḥ) - having departed, having set forth

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prayāta

prayāta - departed, gone forth, set out

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with, along with

(indeclinable)

सुरगणैः (suragaṇaiḥ) - with the hosts of gods

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of suragaṇa

suragaṇa - host of gods, multitude of gods

Compound type : tatpurusha (sura+gaṇa)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – group, host, multitude, troop
  noun (masculine)

पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times

(indeclinable)

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front, before

(indeclinable)

ablative adverb from agra

वृत्रम् (vṛtram) - Vṛtra (object of seeing)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛtra

vṛtra - Vṛtra (a Vedic demon)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

विष्ठितम् (viṣṭhitam) - standing, situated

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viṣṭhita

viṣṭhita - standing, situated, being in a place

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: vi

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies Vṛtram

पर्वतोपमम् (parvatopamam) - mountain-like, resembling a mountain

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parvatopama

parvatopama - mountain-like, resembling a mountain

Compound type : tatpurusha (parvata+upama)

• parvata – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• upama – comparison, resemblance, simile
  noun (feminine)

Note: Modifies Vṛtram