महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-272, verse-2

दुर्विज्ञेयमिदं तात विष्णोरमिततेजसः ।
कथं वा राजशार्दूल पदं तज्ज्ञातवानसौ ॥२॥

2. durvijñeyamidaṁ tāta viṣṇoramitatejasaḥ ,
kathaṁ vā rājaśārdūla padaṁ tajjñātavānasau.

2. durvijñeyam idam tāta viṣṇoḥ amitatejasaḥ
katham vā rājaśārdūla padam tat jñātavān asau

2. tāta rājaśārdūla amitatejasaḥ viṣṇoḥ idam
durvijñeyam vā katham asau tat padam jñātavān

2. "O dear one, this is difficult to comprehend concerning Vishnu of immeasurable splendor. Or, O tiger among kings, how did he (Vritra) come to know that supreme state?"

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्विज्ञेयम् (durvijñeyam) - difficult to understand, incomprehensible

• इदम् (idam) - this, this fact

• तात (tāta) - O dear one! O father!

• विष्णोः (viṣṇoḥ) - of Vishnu

• अमिततेजसः (amitatejasaḥ) - of immense splendor/energy/power

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

• वा (vā) - or, and

• राजशार्दूल (rājaśārdūla) - O tiger among kings (vocative)

• पदम् (padam) - state, position, abode, ultimate reality

• तत् (tat) - that

• ज्ञातवान् (jñātavān) - knew, understood

• असौ (asau) - refers to Vritra (he, that one)

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्विज्ञेयम् (durvijñeyam) - difficult to understand, incomprehensible

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of durvijñeya

durvijñeya - difficult to be known or understood, inscrutable

Gerundive

Derived from √jñā with prefix dur-vi-

Prefixes: dur+vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

इदम् (idam) - this, this fact

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here (demonstrative pronoun)

तात (tāta) - O dear one! O father!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, sir

विष्णोः (viṣṇoḥ) - of Vishnu

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of viṣṇu

viṣṇu - Vishnu (a principal Hindu deity)

अमिततेजसः (amitatejasaḥ) - of immense splendor/energy/power

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of amitatejas

amitatejas - of immeasurable splendor, having infinite energy

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (amita+tejas)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• mita – measured, limited
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √mā (to measure)
  Root: mā (class 2)
• tejas – splendor, energy, power, brilliance
  noun (neuter)

Note: agreement with Viṣṇoḥ

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or, and

(indeclinable)

राजशार्दूल (rājaśārdūla) - O tiger among kings (vocative)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājaśārdūla

rājaśārdūla - tiger among kings, chief of kings

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rājan+śārdūla)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger, best of its kind
  noun (masculine)

पदम् (padam) - state, position, abode, ultimate reality

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pada

pada - step, foot, mark, abode, state, ultimate truth

Note: object of jñātavān

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: agreement with padam

ज्ञातवान् (jñātavān) - knew, understood

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jñātavat

jñātavat - one who has known

Past Active Participle

Derived from √jñā (to know) + -vat suffix

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: agreement with asau

असौ (asau) - refers to Vritra (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun, distant)

Note: refers to Vritra