महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-128, verse-42

एवं कोशस्य महतो ये नराः परिपन्थिनः ।
तानहत्वा न पश्यामि सिद्धिमत्र परंतप ॥४२॥

42. evaṁ kośasya mahato ye narāḥ paripanthinaḥ ,
tānahatvā na paśyāmi siddhimatra paraṁtapa.

42. evaṃ kośasya mahataḥ ye narāḥ paripanthinaḥ
tān ahatvā na paśyāmi siddhim atra paraṃtapa

42. he paraṃtapa evaṃ mahataḥ kośasya ye narāḥ
paripanthinaḥ tān ahatvā atra siddhim na paśyāmi

42. Thus, O tormentor of foes (paraṃtapa), I do not see success without killing those men who are obstructors of the great treasury.

Words meanings summery:

• एवं (evaṁ) - thus, in this way, so

• कोशस्य (kośasya) - of the state treasury (of the treasury, of the sheath, of the dictionary)

• महतः (mahataḥ) - of the great (treasury) (of the great, large, important)

• ये (ye) - who, which

• नराः (narāḥ) - men, people

• परिपन्थिनः (paripanthinaḥ) - those who obstruct (obstructors, enemies, highwaymen)

• तान् (tān) - referring to the obstructors of the treasury (them)

• अहत्वा (ahatvā) - without having killed, having not killed

• न (na) - not, no

• पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see

• सिद्धिम् (siddhim) - success, accomplishment, perfection

• अत्र (atra) - in this situation (here, in this place, in this matter)

• परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O tormentor of foes

Words meanings and morphology

एवं (evaṁ) - thus, in this way, so

(indeclinable)

कोशस्य (kośasya) - of the state treasury (of the treasury, of the sheath, of the dictionary)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kośa

kośa - treasury, store-room, dictionary, sheath, a bud

महतः (mahataḥ) - of the great (treasury) (of the great, large, important)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, extensive, important

From root 'mah' (to be great).

Root: mah (class 1)

ये (ye) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.

नराः (narāḥ) - men, people

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, person, human being

Root: nṛ

परिपन्थिनः (paripanthinaḥ) - those who obstruct (obstructors, enemies, highwaymen)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paripanthin

paripanthin - an enemy, obstructer, robber, highwayman

From 'pari' (around) + 'panthin' (one who goes by a path).

तान् (tān) - referring to the obstructors of the treasury (them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

अहत्वा (ahatvā) - without having killed, having not killed

(indeclinable participle)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+hatvā)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• hatvā – having killed, having struck down
  indeclinable participle
  Absolutive (Gerund)
  From root 'han' (to strike, kill) with suffix 'ktvā'.
  Root: han (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present active indicative

Irregular present stem 'paśya' from root 'dṛś' (1st class, bhvādigaṇa).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सिद्धिम् (siddhim) - success, accomplishment, perfection

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of siddhi

siddhi - success, accomplishment, perfection, supernatural power

From root 'sidh' (to succeed) + 'ti' suffix.

Root: sidh (class 4)

अत्र (atra) - in this situation (here, in this place, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

From 'idam' (this) + 'tra' suffix.

परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O tormentor of foes

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormenting enemies, conqueror of foes, a hero

Compound of 'param' (enemy) and 'tapa' (causing pain/tormentor).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (param+tapa)

• param – other, hostile, enemy
  adjective (neuter)
• tapa – heating, tormenting, causing pain
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from 'tap'
  From root 'tap' (to heat, torment) with suffix 'a'.
  Root: tap (class 1)