महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-128, verse-24

स्वधर्मानन्तरा वृत्तिर्यान्याननुपजीवतः ।
वहतः प्रथमं कल्पमनुकल्पेन जीवनम् ॥२४॥

24. svadharmānantarā vṛttiryānyānanupajīvataḥ ,
vahataḥ prathamaṁ kalpamanukalpena jīvanam.

24. svadharmānantarā vr̥ttiḥ yān anyān anupajīvataḥ
vahataḥ prathamam kalpam anukalpena jīvanam

24. svadharmānantarā vr̥ttiḥ yān anyān anupajīvataḥ (satyām)
vahataḥ prathamam kalpam jīvanam anukalpena (bhavati)

24. A livelihood (vr̥tti) immediately adjacent to one's own intrinsic nature (svadharma) is [permissible] for one who cannot live by those other (forbidden) means. For one who upholds the primary course (prathama kalpa), survival (jīvanam) is by a secondary alternative (anukalpa).

Words meanings summery:

• स्वधर्मानन्तरा (svadharmānantarā) - a livelihood immediately adjacent to one's own intrinsic nature (dharma) (next to one's own dharma, immediately following one's own duty)

• व्र्̥त्तिः (vr̥ttiḥ) - a livelihood (livelihood, profession, mode of life, conduct)

• यान् (yān) - those (means of subsistence) (which, whom, those)

• अन्यान् (anyān) - other (means of subsistence) (other, different, alien)

• अनुपजीवतः (anupajīvataḥ) - of one who cannot live by (other means) (of one not living by, not resorting to, not subsisting on)

• वहतः (vahataḥ) - of one who upholds, maintains (of one carrying, bearing, maintaining, performing)

• प्रथमम् (prathamam) - the primary (first, primary, chief)

• कल्पम् (kalpam) - the course (of action/dharma) (rule, ordinance, course, alternative, proper form)

• अनुकल्पेन (anukalpena) - by a secondary alternative (anukalpa) (by a secondary rule/alternative, by a substitute)

• जीवनम् (jīvanam) - survival, life (living, life, livelihood, means of subsistence)

Words meanings and morphology

स्वधर्मानन्तरा (svadharmānantarā) - a livelihood immediately adjacent to one's own intrinsic nature (dharma) (next to one's own dharma, immediately following one's own duty)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of svadharmānantara

svadharmānantara - immediately after one's own dharma, adjacent to one's own duty

Compound of svadharma (one's own dharma) and anantara (immediate, next)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (svadharma+anantara)

• svadharma – one's own dharma, inherent duty, natural law
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of sva (own) and dharma (duty)
• anantara – immediate, contiguous, without interval
  adjective (masculine)
  Negative prefix 'an-' + antara (interval)

व्र्̥त्तिः (vr̥ttiḥ) - a livelihood (livelihood, profession, mode of life, conduct)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vr̥tti

vr̥tti - livelihood, profession, course of action, conduct

from root √vr̥t (to be, exist, turn)

Root: vr̥t (class 1)

यान् (yān) - those (means of subsistence) (which, whom, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, who

अन्यान् (anyān) - other (means of subsistence) (other, different, alien)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, different, distinct

अनुपजीवतः (anupajīvataḥ) - of one who cannot live by (other means) (of one not living by, not resorting to, not subsisting on)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of anupajīvat

anupajīvat - not living by, not subsisting on, not depending on

Present Active Participle

from negative prefix an- + prefix upa- + root √jīv (1st class)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+upajīvat)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• upajīvat – living by, subsisting on
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  from upa- + √jīv
  Prefix: upa
  Root: jīv (class 1)

वहतः (vahataḥ) - of one who upholds, maintains (of one carrying, bearing, maintaining, performing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vahat

vahat - carrying, bearing, performing, maintaining

Present Active Participle

from root √vah (1st class)

Root: vah (class 1)

प्रथमम् (prathamam) - the primary (first, primary, chief)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prathama

prathama - first, foremost, principal

कल्पम् (kalpam) - the course (of action/dharma) (rule, ordinance, course, alternative, proper form)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kalpa

kalpa - rule, ordinance, sacred precept, proper form, alternative

from root √kḷp (to be arranged, be fit)

Root: kḷp (class 1)

अनुकल्पेन (anukalpena) - by a secondary alternative (anukalpa) (by a secondary rule/alternative, by a substitute)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of anukalpa

anukalpa - secondary rule, substitute, alternative, minor alternative

Compound of anu (after, secondary) and kalpa (rule)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (anu+kalpa)

• anu – after, along, secondary, minor
  indeclinable
  prefix
• kalpa – rule, ordinance, proper form, alternative
  noun (masculine)
  from root √kḷp
  Root: kḷp (class 1)

जीवनम् (jīvanam) - survival, life (living, life, livelihood, means of subsistence)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jīvana

jīvana - living, life, livelihood, means of subsistence

from root √jīv (to live)

Root: jīv (class 1)