महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-128, verse-36

नान्यानपीडयित्वेह कोशः शक्यः कुतो बलम् ।
तदर्थं पीडयित्वा च दोषं न प्राप्तुमर्हति ॥३६॥

36. nānyānapīḍayitveha kośaḥ śakyaḥ kuto balam ,
tadarthaṁ pīḍayitvā ca doṣaṁ na prāptumarhati.

36. na anyān apīḍayitvā iha kośaḥ śakyaḥ kutaḥ balam
tadartham pīḍayitvā ca doṣam na prāptum arhati

36. iha anyān apīḍayitvā kośaḥ na śakyaḥ kutaḥ balam
ca tadartham pīḍayitvā doṣam na prāptum arhati

36. A treasury cannot be amassed here without afflicting others; how then can an army be formed? Therefore, having resorted to afflicting others for that purpose (the treasury and army), one should not incur blame.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अन्यान् (anyān) - others (others, other people)

• अपीडयित्वा (apīḍayitvā) - without afflicting (without oppressing, without afflicting)

• इह (iha) - in this world (here, in this world)

• कोशः (kośaḥ) - a treasury (treasury)

• शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - possible (to be amassed/created) (possible, able to be done, capable)

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - how then (whence, from where, how then)

• बलम् (balam) - an army (army, strength)

• तदर्थम् (tadartham) - for that purpose (i.e., for the treasury and army) (for that purpose, for that reason)

• पीडयित्वा (pīḍayitvā) - having resorted to afflicting (others) (having oppressed, having afflicted)

• च (ca) - and (and, moreover)

• दोषम् (doṣam) - blame (fault, blame, sin, defect)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• प्राप्तुम् (prāptum) - to incur (to obtain, to reach, to incur)

• अर्हति (arhati) - one should (not) (he deserves, he ought, he is able)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अन्यान् (anyān) - others (others, other people)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Object of 'apīḍayitvā'.

अपीडयित्वा (apīḍayitvā) - without afflicting (without oppressing, without afflicting)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund) with negative prefix

Formed from a- (not) + root pīḍ (to pain) + ktvā suffix.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pīḍayitvā)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• pīḍayitvā – having tormented, having oppressed
  indeclinable
  Absolutive (gerund)
  From root pīḍ (to pain, oppress)
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)

इह (iha) - in this world (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

कोशः (kośaḥ) - a treasury (treasury)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kośa

kośa - treasury, store-room, sheath, receptacle

Note: Subject for 'śakyaḥ'.

शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - possible (to be amassed/created) (possible, able to be done, capable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, able, practicable, suitable

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

From root śak (to be able)

Root: śak (class 5)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - how then (whence, from where, how then)

(indeclinable)

बलम् (balam) - an army (army, strength)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army

Root: bal (class 10)

तदर्थम् (tadartham) - for that purpose (i.e., for the treasury and army) (for that purpose, for that reason)

(indeclinable)

Compound of tad (that) + artha (purpose)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tad+artha)

• tad – that, this
  pronoun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial use.

पीडयित्वा (pīḍayitvā) - having resorted to afflicting (others) (having oppressed, having afflicted)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root pīḍ (to pain, oppress) + ktvā suffix.

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

च (ca) - and (and, moreover)

(indeclinable)

दोषम् (doṣam) - blame (fault, blame, sin, defect)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of doṣa

doṣa - fault, defect, sin, error, blame

Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Object of 'prāptum'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

प्राप्तुम् (prāptum) - to incur (to obtain, to reach, to incur)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root āp (to obtain) with prefix pra- (forth, greatly) + tumun suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Forms an infinitive clause with 'arhati'.

अर्हति (arhati) - one should (not) (he deserves, he ought, he is able)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present Tense, Parasmaipada

From root arh (to be worthy), 3rd person singular.

Root: arh (class 1)