महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-117, verse-41

श्वा त्वं द्वीपित्वमापन्नो द्वीपी व्याघ्रत्वमागतः ।
व्याघ्रो नागो मदपटुर्नागः सिंहत्वमाप्तवान् ॥४१॥

41. śvā tvaṁ dvīpitvamāpanno dvīpī vyāghratvamāgataḥ ,
vyāghro nāgo madapaṭurnāgaḥ siṁhatvamāptavān.

41. śvā tvam dvīpitvam āpannaḥ dvīpī vyāghratvam āgataḥ
vyāghraḥ nāgaḥ madapaṭuḥ nāgaḥ siṃhatvam āptavān

41. tvam śvā dvīpitvam āpannaḥ dvīpī vyāghratvam āgataḥ
vyāghraḥ madapaṭuḥ nāgaḥ nāgaḥ siṃhatvam āptavān

41. You, (who are now) a dog, attained the state of a leopard; that leopard became a tiger; that tiger became an elephant powerful in rut; and that elephant then obtained the state of a lion.

Words meanings summery:

• श्वा (śvā) - a dog

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• द्वीपित्वम् (dvīpitvam) - the state of being a leopard/panther

• आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - attained, reached, obtained

• द्वीपी (dvīpī) - a leopard, a panther

• व्याघ्रत्वम् (vyāghratvam) - the state of being a tiger

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - came, arrived, attained, became

• व्याघ्रः (vyāghraḥ) - a tiger

• नागः (nāgaḥ) - an elephant (a serpent, an elephant, a mountain)

• मदपटुः (madapaṭuḥ) - an elephant powerful in rut (skilled in rut, powerful in intoxication)

• नागः (nāgaḥ) - an elephant (reiterated, referring to the same elephant) (a serpent, an elephant, a mountain)

• सिंहत्वम् (siṁhatvam) - the state of being a lion

• आप्तवान् (āptavān) - obtained, reached, achieved

Words meanings and morphology

श्वा (śvā) - a dog

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śvan

śvan - dog

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular/plural)

द्वीपित्वम् (dvīpitvam) - the state of being a leopard/panther

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dvīpitva

dvīpitva - leopard-ness, state of being a leopard

Derived from 'dvīpin' (leopard) with the suffix '-tva' (abstract noun suffix)

आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - attained, reached, obtained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āpanna

āpanna - obtained, reached, fallen into, having attained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'āp' (to obtain, reach) with the suffix 'kta' (past passive participle)

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)

द्वीपी (dvīpī) - a leopard, a panther

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvīpin

dvīpin - leopard, panther

व्याघ्रत्वम् (vyāghratvam) - the state of being a tiger

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vyāghratva

vyāghratva - tiger-ness, state of being a tiger

Derived from 'vyāghra' (tiger) with the suffix '-tva'

आगतः (āgataḥ) - came, arrived, attained, became

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, approached, happened, become

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'gam' (to go) with prefix 'ā-' and suffix 'kta'

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

व्याघ्रः (vyāghraḥ) - a tiger

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāghra

vyāghra - tiger

नागः (nāgaḥ) - an elephant (a serpent, an elephant, a mountain)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nāga

nāga - serpent, elephant, mountain, leader

मदपटुः (madapaṭuḥ) - an elephant powerful in rut (skilled in rut, powerful in intoxication)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madapaṭu

madapaṭu - skilled in rut, expert in intoxication

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mada+paṭu)

• mada – rut, intoxication, pride, joy
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mad (class 4)
• paṭu – clever, skilful, strong, sharp
  adjective (masculine)

नागः (nāgaḥ) - an elephant (reiterated, referring to the same elephant) (a serpent, an elephant, a mountain)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nāga

nāga - serpent, elephant, mountain, leader

सिंहत्वम् (siṁhatvam) - the state of being a lion

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of siṃhatva

siṁhatva - lion-ness, state of being a lion

Derived from 'siṃha' (lion) with the suffix '-tva'

आप्तवान् (āptavān) - obtained, reached, achieved

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āptavat

āptavat - having obtained, one who obtained

Past Active Participle

Derived from root 'āp' (to obtain, reach) with suffix 'ktavat'

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)