महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-117, verse-30

ततः स सिंहतां नीतो नागेन्द्रो मुनिना तदा ।
वन्यं नागणयत्सिंहं तुल्यजातिसमन्वयात् ॥३०॥

30. tataḥ sa siṁhatāṁ nīto nāgendro muninā tadā ,
vanyaṁ nāgaṇayatsiṁhaṁ tulyajātisamanvayāt.

30. tataḥ saḥ siṃhatām nītaḥ nāgendraḥ muninā tadā
vanyam na agaṇayat siṃham tulyajātisamanvayāt

30. tataḥ tadā muninā siṃhatām nītaḥ saḥ nāgendraḥ
tulyajātisamanvayāt vanyam siṃham na agaṇayat

30. Then, the king of serpents, transformed into a lion by the sage at that time, did not fear the wild lion, due to the connection of being of the same species (jāti).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon, then, from that

• सः (saḥ) - referring to the king of serpents (he, that)

• सिंहताम् (siṁhatām) - the state of being a lion, lion-hood

• नीतः (nītaḥ) - transformed into (led, brought, transformed, conducted)

• नागेन्द्रः (nāgendraḥ) - king of serpents

• मुनिना (muninā) - by the sage

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• वन्यम् (vanyam) - the wild lion (wild, forest-dwelling, belonging to the forest)

• न (na) - not

• अगणयत् (agaṇayat) - he did not fear/consider (as an adversary) (he regarded, he considered, he counted, he paid attention to)

• सिंहम् (siṁham) - the wild lion (lion)

• तुल्यजातिसमन्वयात् (tulyajātisamanvayāt) - due to the connection of being of the same species

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon, then, from that

(indeclinable)

From tad + -tas suffix.

सः (saḥ) - referring to the king of serpents (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Refers to the serpent who became a lion.

सिंहताम् (siṁhatām) - the state of being a lion, lion-hood

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of siṃhatā

siṁhatā - lion-hood, the state of being a lion

From siṃha + -tā (abstract suffix).

नीतः (nītaḥ) - transformed into (led, brought, transformed, conducted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nī

nī - to lead, to carry, to guide

Past Passive Participle

From root nī.

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Used here in a transformative sense.

नागेन्द्रः (nāgendraḥ) - king of serpents

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nāgendra

nāgendra - king of serpents, chief elephant

Tatpuruṣa compound. 'nāga' (serpent) + 'indra' (chief, king).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nāga+indra)

• nāga – serpent, snake, cobra; elephant
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, king, lord; god Indra
  noun (masculine)

मुनिना (muninā) - by the sage

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, inspired person

Root: man (class 4)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

From tad + -dā suffix.

Note: Temporal adverb.

वन्यम् (vanyam) - the wild lion (wild, forest-dwelling, belonging to the forest)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vanya

vanya - wild, forest-dwelling, savage, belonging to the forest

From vana (forest) + -ya suffix.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अगणयत् (agaṇayat) - he did not fear/consider (as an adversary) (he regarded, he considered, he counted, he paid attention to)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of gaṇ

Imperfect active 3rd singular

From root gaṇ (denom. from gaṇa), in the causative form. With augment a-.

Root: gaṇ (class 10)

सिंहम् (siṁham) - the wild lion (lion)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of siṃha

siṁha - lion

तुल्यजातिसमन्वयात् (tulyajātisamanvayāt) - due to the connection of being of the same species

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of tulyajātisamanvaya

tulyajātisamanvaya - connection with the same species/class

Tatpuruṣa compound, with a suffix for 'from'. 'tulya' (same) + 'jāti' (species) + 'samanvaya' (connection).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tulya+jāti+samanvaya)

• tulya – equal, similar, like
  adjective (masculine)
  From root tul (to weigh).
  Root: tul (class 10)
• jāti – birth, lineage, species, class
  noun (feminine)
  From root jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• samanvaya – connection, coherence, agreement, mutual relation
  noun (masculine)
  From root i (to go) with prefixes sam and anu.
  Prefixes: sam+anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Expresses cause/reason.