महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-117, verse-24

तं दृष्ट्वा कुञ्जरं मत्तमायान्तं मदगर्वितम् ।
व्याघ्रो हस्तिभयात्त्रस्तस्तमृषिं शरणं ययौ ॥२४॥

24. taṁ dṛṣṭvā kuñjaraṁ mattamāyāntaṁ madagarvitam ,
vyāghro hastibhayāttrastastamṛṣiṁ śaraṇaṁ yayau.

24. tam dṛṣṭvā kuñjaram mattam āyāntam madagarvitam
vyāghraḥ hastibhayāt trastaḥ tam ṛṣim śaraṇam yayau

24. vyāghraḥ madagarvitam mattam āyāntam tam kuñjaram
dṛṣṭvā hastibhayāt trastaḥ tam ṛṣim śaraṇam yayau

24. Seeing that intoxicated elephant, arrogant with its rut, approaching, the tiger, terrified by fear of the elephant, went to that sage for refuge.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that (masculine)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• कुञ्जरम् (kuñjaram) - elephant

• मत्तम् (mattam) - intoxicated, in rut

• आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - approaching

• मदगर्वितम् (madagarvitam) - arrogant with rut, proud with intoxication

• व्याघ्रः (vyāghraḥ) - tiger

• हस्तिभयात् (hastibhayāt) - from fear of the elephant

• त्रस्तः (trastaḥ) - terrified, frightened

• तम् (tam) - him, that (masculine)

• ऋषिम् (ṛṣim) - sage, seer

• शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, shelter

• ययौ (yayau) - he went

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that (masculine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root dṛś with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कुञ्जरम् (kuñjaram) - elephant

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kuñjara

kuñjara - elephant

मत्तम् (mattam) - intoxicated, in rut

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of matta

matta - intoxicated, drunk, in rut, furious, proud

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root mad

Root: mad (class 4)

आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - approaching

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āyānt

āyānt - approaching, coming

Present Active Participle

Derived from root yā with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

मदगर्वितम् (madagarvitam) - arrogant with rut, proud with intoxication

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of madagarvita

madagarvita - proud with rut, arrogant due to intoxication

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mada+garvita)

• mada – rut, intoxication, arrogance, pride
  noun (masculine)
• garvita – proud, arrogant, vain
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root garv
  Root: garv (class 1)

व्याघ्रः (vyāghraḥ) - tiger

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāghra

vyāghra - tiger, leopard

हस्तिभयात् (hastibhayāt) - from fear of the elephant

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of hastibhaya

hastibhaya - fear of an elephant

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hastin+bhaya)

• hastin – elephant (lit. 'having a hand/trunk')
  noun (masculine)
• bhaya – fear, alarm, dread
  noun (neuter)

त्रस्तः (trastaḥ) - terrified, frightened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of trasta

trasta - terrified, frightened, alarmed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root tras

Root: tras (class 1)

तम् (tam) - him, that (masculine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

ऋषिम् (ṛṣim) - sage, seer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, shelter

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śaraṇa

śaraṇa - refuge, shelter, protection, home

ययौ (yayau) - he went

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)