महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-117, verse-1

भीष्म उवाच ।
अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् ।
निदर्शनकरं लोके सज्जनाचरितं सदा ॥१॥

1. bhīṣma uvāca ,
atrāpyudāharantīmamitihāsaṁ purātanam ,
nidarśanakaraṁ loke sajjanācaritaṁ sadā.

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca atra api udāharanti imam itihāsam
purātanam nidarśanakaram loke sajjana-ācaritam sadā

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca.
atra api loke sadā nidarśanakaram sajjana-ācaritam imam purātanam itihāsam udāharanti

1. Bhishma said: In this context, they also recount this ancient narrative, which serves as a constant example in the world, embodying the conduct of virtuous individuals.

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this, in this context

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they narrate, they cite, they mention

• इमम् (imam) - this, this one

• इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - history, legend, narrative, story

• पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient, old, primeval

• निदर्शनकरम् (nidarśanakaram) - which serves as a constant example (example-setting, serving as a model, instructive)

• लोके (loke) - in the world, among people

• सज्जन-आचरितम् (sajjana-ācaritam) - embodying the conduct of virtuous individuals (conduct of good people; practiced by virtuous individuals)

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a prominent character in the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense (Liṭ lakāra) of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this, in this context

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they narrate, they cite, they mention

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of udāhṛ

Prefixes: ud+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

इमम् (imam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one (demonstrative pronoun)

इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - history, legend, narrative, story

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of itihāsa

itihāsa - history, legend, narrative, tradition; 'so it was'

पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient, old, primeval

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of purātana

purātana - ancient, old, former, traditional

Note: Agrees with 'itihāsam'.

निदर्शनकरम् (nidarśanakaram) - which serves as a constant example (example-setting, serving as a model, instructive)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nidarśanakara

nidarśanakara - giving an example, illustrative, exemplary

Tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nidarśana+kara)

• nidarśana – example, illustration, demonstration
  noun (neuter)
• kara – making, doing, causing (suffix for 'maker' or 'causing')
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root Kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

लोके (loke) - in the world, among people

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, realm, region

सज्जन-आचरितम् (sajjana-ācaritam) - embodying the conduct of virtuous individuals (conduct of good people; practiced by virtuous individuals)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sajjana-ācarita

sajjana-ācarita - conduct of good people, behavior of the virtuous

Tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sajjana+ācarita)

• sajjana – good person, virtuous man
  noun (masculine)
• ācarita – practiced, observed, performed; conduct, behavior
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root Car with prefix Ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: car (class 1)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

(indeclinable)