महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-65, verse-20

तप्यमानः किल पुरा विश्वामित्रो महत्तपः ।
सुभृशं तापयामास शक्रं सुरगणेश्वरम् ॥२०॥

20. tapyamānaḥ kila purā viśvāmitro mahattapaḥ ,
subhṛśaṁ tāpayāmāsa śakraṁ suragaṇeśvaram.

20. tapyamānaḥ kila purā viśvāmitraḥ mahat tapaḥ
subhṛśam tāpayāmāsa śakram sura-gaṇa-īśvaram

20. It is said that in ancient times, Viśvāmitra, while performing great tapas, intensely distressed Śakra (Indra), the lord of the hosts of gods.

Words meanings summery:

• तप्यमानः (tapyamānaḥ) - while performing tapas (performing asceticism, undergoing penance)

• किल (kila) - it is said (indeed, it is said, reputedly)

• पुरा (purā) - in ancient times (formerly, in ancient times)

• विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - Viśvāmitra

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, mighty)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - tapas (tapas, asceticism, penance)

• सुभृशम् (subhṛśam) - intensely (very intensely, greatly)

• तापयामास (tāpayāmāsa) - distressed (caused to suffer, distressed, heated)

• शक्रम् (śakram) - Śakra (Indra) (Śakra, Indra)

• सुर-गण-ईश्वरम् (sura-gaṇa-īśvaram) - the lord of the hosts of gods (lord of the hosts of gods)

Words meanings and morphology

तप्यमानः (tapyamānaḥ) - while performing tapas (performing asceticism, undergoing penance)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tapyamāna

tapyamāna - undergoing asceticism, performing penance, suffering heat

Present Middle Participle

Present middle participle (śānac) of the root √tap (to perform asceticism, to be hot)

Root: tap (class 1)

किल (kila) - it is said (indeed, it is said, reputedly)

(indeclinable)

पुरा (purā) - in ancient times (formerly, in ancient times)

(indeclinable)

विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - Viśvāmitra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - Viśvāmitra (name of a famous sage)

महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, mighty)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, mighty, large, eminent

तपः (tapaḥ) - tapas (tapas, asceticism, penance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - tapas, asceticism, penance, heat, spiritual fervor

Root: tap (class 1)

सुभृशम् (subhṛśam) - intensely (very intensely, greatly)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial compound: su (very) + bhṛśam (intensely)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (su+bhṛśam)

• su – good, well, very, exceedingly
  indeclinable
• bhṛśam – intensely, greatly, violently
  indeclinable

तापयामास (tāpayāmāsa) - distressed (caused to suffer, distressed, heated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of tāpayāmāsa

Perfect tense (Liṭ Lakāra)

3rd person singular active voice perfect form of the causative of the root √tap

Root: tap (class 1)

शक्रम् (śakram) - Śakra (Indra) (Śakra, Indra)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Śakra (an epithet of Indra), powerful, mighty

सुर-गण-ईश्वरम् (sura-gaṇa-īśvaram) - the lord of the hosts of gods (lord of the hosts of gods)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sura-gaṇa-īśvara

sura-gaṇa-īśvara - lord of the hosts of gods, chief of the divine hosts

Tatpuruṣa compound: sura (god) + gaṇa (host) + īśvara (lord)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sura+gaṇa+īśvara)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – group, host, multitude, troop
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)