महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-65, verse-20

तप्यमानः किल पुरा विश्वामित्रो महत्तपः ।
सुभृशं तापयामास शक्रं सुरगणेश्वरम् ॥२०॥

20. tapyamānaḥ kila purā viśvāmitro mahattapaḥ ,
subhṛśaṁ tāpayāmāsa śakraṁ suragaṇeśvaram.

20. tapyamānaḥ kila purā viśvāmitraḥ mahat tapaḥ
subhṛśam tāpayāmāsa śakram sura-gaṇa-īśvaram

20. It is said that in ancient times, Viśvāmitra, while performing great tapas, intensely distressed Śakra (Indra), the lord of the hosts of gods.

20. בעבר, כך מסופר, וִישְׁוָאמִיטְרַה התמסר לתרגול עוצמה רוחנית גדול והציק מאוד לשַׁקְרַה (אִינְדְרַה), שליט המוני האלים.

Words meanings summery:

• तप्यमानः (tapyamānaḥ) - while performing tapas (performing asceticism, undergoing penance)

• किल (kila) - it is said (indeed, it is said, reputedly)

• पुरा (purā) - in ancient times (formerly, in ancient times)

• विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - Viśvāmitra

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, mighty)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - tapas (tapas, asceticism, penance)

• सुभृशम् (subhṛśam) - intensely (very intensely, greatly)

• तापयामास (tāpayāmāsa) - distressed (caused to suffer, distressed, heated)

• शक्रम् (śakram) - Śakra (Indra) (Śakra, Indra)

• सुर-गण-ईश्वरम् (sura-gaṇa-īśvaram) - the lord of the hosts of gods (lord of the hosts of gods)

Words meanings and morphology

तप्यमानः (tapyamānaḥ) - while performing tapas (performing asceticism, undergoing penance)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tapyamāna

tapyamāna - undergoing asceticism, performing penance, suffering heat

Present Middle Participle

Present middle participle (śānac) of the root √tap (to perform asceticism, to be hot)

Root: tap (class 1)

किल (kila) - it is said (indeed, it is said, reputedly)

(indeclinable)

पुरा (purā) - in ancient times (formerly, in ancient times)

(indeclinable)

विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - Viśvāmitra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - Viśvāmitra (name of a famous sage)

महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, mighty)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, mighty, large, eminent

तपः (tapaḥ) - tapas (tapas, asceticism, penance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - tapas, asceticism, penance, heat, spiritual fervor

Root: tap (class 1)

सुभृशम् (subhṛśam) - intensely (very intensely, greatly)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial compound: su (very) + bhṛśam (intensely)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (su+bhṛśam)

• su – good, well, very, exceedingly
  indeclinable
• bhṛśam – intensely, greatly, violently
  indeclinable

तापयामास (tāpayāmāsa) - distressed (caused to suffer, distressed, heated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of tāpayāmāsa

Perfect tense (Liṭ Lakāra)

3rd person singular active voice perfect form of the causative of the root √tap

Root: tap (class 1)

शक्रम् (śakram) - Śakra (Indra) (Śakra, Indra)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Śakra (an epithet of Indra), powerful, mighty

सुर-गण-ईश्वरम् (sura-gaṇa-īśvaram) - the lord of the hosts of gods (lord of the hosts of gods)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sura-gaṇa-īśvara

sura-gaṇa-īśvara - lord of the hosts of gods, chief of the divine hosts

Tatpuruṣa compound: sura (god) + gaṇa (host) + īśvara (lord)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sura+gaṇa+īśvara)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – group, host, multitude, troop
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)

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